低度炼渣中贵金属分离的关键因素和评估模型
Zhuandi Shao1,2, Tiantian Wei1,2, Xiujuan Zhang1,2
1School of Environment and Energy, The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters (Ministry of Education), South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
这项研究提出了一种新的缩硫酸烤和水方法,以有效地从铜渣漂浮尾矿 (CSFT) 中回收Mg,Cu和Ni等贵金属. 一个动态模型预测金属炼效率,优化废渣处理.
科学领域:
- 金与材料科学 金与材料科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 炼渣中贵金属度较低,这给分离带来了重大挑战.
- 由于复杂的渣渣矿物学和众多的漏因素,现有的火金和水金方法面临困难.
- 从工业副产品 (如铜渣漂浮尾矿) 提取Mg,Cu和Ni等金属的有效和快速提取是至关重要的.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种有效的方法,从CSFT中提取贵金属 (Mg,Cu,Ni).
- 为了在渣中从铁中实现贵金属的深度分离.
- 建立一个动态评估模型来量化金属漏性能和优化回收参数.
主要方法:
- 在CSFT中使用X射线衍射 (XRD) 和扫描电子显微镜-能量分散式X射线光谱 (SEM-EDS) 分析贵金属的微存在形式.
- 应用缩硫酸烤,然后用水浸用于金属提取.
- 整合了理论计算,热重力测量分析 (TGA),运动方程和阿雷尼乌斯公式,以开发一个动态评估模型.
- 使用关键参数进行实验验证和模拟:烤温度 (T),烤时间 (t),酸/固体比率 (r) 和颗粒大小 (d).
主要成果:
- 成功地从CSFT中提取贵金属Mg,Cu和Ni,并有效地从Fe中分离出来.
- 开发一个动态评估模型: 1/3ln(1-X) - [1 - (1 - X) ^-1/3] = 9.36r^1.55 d^-1.40 e^-21957.8/RT t,将漏效率 (X) 与工艺参数相关联.
- 确定参数对漏效率的影响顺序:烤温度 > 酸/固体比率 > 颗粒大小.
- 该模型在预测金属漏率方面具有很高的准确性,模拟值与实验结果密切匹配.
结论:
- 开发的集中硫酸烤和水浸方法提供了一种有效的方法,用于从炼废渣中回收贵金属.
- 已建立的动态评估模型为优化金属回收参数和渣渣处理工程成果提供了强大的工具.
- 这项研究为工业炼废渣的可持续管理和资源利用提供了至关重要的方法.
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