在阿尔茨海默病和轻度认知障碍中,视网膜微血管密度和内部厚度
Yehia Ibrahim1, Antonella Macerollo2,3, Rodolfo Sardone1,4
1Department of Eye and Vision Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in aging neuroscience
|March 17, 2025
概括
使用OCT和OCTA的视网膜成像提供了一种具有成本效益的,非侵入性的方法来检测阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和轻度认知障碍 (MCI). 微血管密度变化和视网膜层稀薄是识别认知衰退的关键生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 神经学 神经学
- 生物标志物 生物标志物
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 构成了医疗保健方面的重大挑战,目前的诊断方法昂贵且不切实际.
- 光学连贯断层扫描 (OCT) 和OCT血管扫描 (OCTA) 提供了非侵入性,经济高效的视网膜生物标记检测的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 探索来自OCT和OCTA的视网膜生物标志物,以区分AD,轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和健康对照 (HCs).
- 为了确定新的视网膜成像参数,表明认知能力下降.
主要方法:
- 357名参与者 (44名AD,139名MCI,174名HC) 接受了OCT/OCTA检查.
- 统计分析包括正常性测试,ANOVA,Mann-Whitney U,Dunnett,Tukey-HSD和通用线性模型 (GLM) 与Tweedie回归和顺序逻辑回归 (OL-GLM).
- 模型根据年龄和其他混因素进行调整,以评估OCT/OCTA参数与认知状态之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 与HC相比,MCI和AD组观察到状微血管密度的显著减少.
- 在OL-GLM中,内视网膜和全视网膜层的厚度/体积显著减少.
- 状血管区域 (FAZ) 周边的扩大和周状视网膜神经纤维层 (RNFL) 的稀薄与阿尔茨海默氏症和MCI群体有显著的联系.
结论:
- 这项研究是首次检查AD,MCI和HC的特定视网膜网格部分的微血管密度变化.
- 视网膜生物标志物,包括微血管密度和RNFL厚度,显示与认知衰退有显著的关联.
- 虽然一些斑点厚度参数需要进一步调查,但研究结果强调了OCT/OCTA在早期发现神经退行性疾病方面的潜力.
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