焦虑对非语言学习障碍儿童未来记忆的影响:一个多项处理树模型
Duyuan Shi1, Hongxia Zhang1, Ru Yao2
1College of Child development and Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang, China.
概括
患有非语言学习障碍的儿童表现出潜在的记忆缺陷,特别是在注意力过程中. 焦虑,尤其是状态焦虑,会使这种潜在的记忆障碍恶化.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经心理学 神经心理学
背景情况:
- 预期记忆 (PM) 对日常运作至关重要.
- 非语言学习障碍 (NVLD) 与认知挑战有关.
- 焦虑对NVLD中PM的影响尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查NVLD儿童和典型发育 (TD) 儿童之间的PM差异.
- 检查特征和状态焦虑对NVLD儿童PM组件的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用颜色匹配任务来评估PM.
- 采用多项处理树模型来分析PM组件.
- 评估特征和状态焦虑水平.
主要成果:
- 患有NVLD的儿童表现出显著的PM赤字,特别是潜在组件.
- 患有NVLD的儿童有更高的特征焦虑,但与PM表现没有相关性.
- 与TD儿童相比,国家焦虑在NVLD儿童中显著降低了PM表现.
- 患有NVLD的儿童在焦虑状态下表现比中性/积极状态更差.
结论:
- 在NVLD中的PM赤字源于受损的前性 (注意力) 组件.
- 状态焦虑通过消耗注意力资源,加剧了NVLD儿童的PM缺陷.
- 仅仅是特征性焦虑不会显著影响这个人群中的PM表现.
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