迷幻药物和与自杀相关的结果:系统性审查
Shakila Meshkat1, Taha Malik1, Richard Zeifman2,3
1Interventional Psychiatry Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1M8, Canada.
Journal of clinical medicine
|March 17, 2025
概括
迷幻疗法在减少自杀念头方面表现有前途,特别是 псилоцибин和MDMA辅助疗法. 然而,对自杀风险的总体影响仍然没有确定性,需要进一步研究.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 自杀是一个重要的全球健康问题,其迅速作用的治疗方法有限.
- 迷幻疗法正在被探索为潜在的自杀风险快速干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查心理治疗对与自杀有关的结果的影响.
- 评估迷幻药在减少自杀念头方面的有效性和安全性.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,PsycINFO,ClinicalTrials.gov) 进行了系统的文献搜索,截至2024年11月.
- 分析包括随机对照试验 (RCT) 和评估自杀性结果的非随机研究.
主要成果:
- 四个RCT表明,使用psilocybin和MDMA辅助疗法 (MDMA-AT) 显著减少了自杀念头.
- 额外的RCT和非随机研究显示出混合的结果;psilocybin和MDMA-AT通常减少了自杀念头,而LSD显示增加了几率.
- 在DMT和多项迷幻药研究中,关于自杀倾向的结论是不确定的.
结论:
- 迷幻疗法,包括psilocybin和MDMA-AT,显示出降低自杀念头的潜力.
- 迷幻疗法对与自杀有关的结果的整体影响尚未确定.
- 需要进一步的临床试验来确定安全性和阐明治疗机制.
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