一个优化的YOLOv11框架,用于高效的混凝土表面多类别缺陷检测
Zhuang Tian1, Fan Yang1,2, Lei Yang1
1School of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 17, 2025
概括
一个新的混凝土缺陷检测模型,YOLOv11-EMC,提高了准确性,并减少了识别结构缺陷的错误. 这提高了结构安全性,并延长了混凝土基础设施的使用寿命.
科学领域:
- 土木工程 土木工程是指土木工程.
- 计算机视觉 计算机视觉
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 准确的混凝土缺陷识别对于结构安全和寿命至关重要.
- 现有的模型难以应对具体缺陷的复杂性和可变性,导致检测不准确.
- 这些限制在现实工程应用中对结构完整性构成风险.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个高效和强大的混凝土缺陷检测模型.
- 提高现有检测模型的准确性和概括性.
- 解决工程检查中不规则的缺陷形状和复杂性所带来的挑战.
主要方法:
- 拟议的YOLOv11-EMC (高效的多类别混凝土缺陷检测) 模型.
- 嵌入了修改后的可变形卷积,以有效地提取不规则的缺陷特征.
- 集成的C3k2模块与修订的动态卷积模块用于计算效率和改进的特征表示.
主要成果:
- 与Yolov11相比,YOLOv11-EMC在精度 (+8.3%),回忆 (+2.1%),mAP50 (+4.3%) 和F1 (+3%) 中显著改善.
- 使用无人机图像的实地测试证实了减少虚假和不足的检测.
- 该模型在实际工程场景中实现了更高的总体检测精度.
结论:
- YOLOv11-EMC提供了一种卓越的方法来识别混凝土结构中的有形缺陷.
- 改进后的模型提高了具体缺陷检测的稳定性和通用性.
- 这有助于提高工程应用中的结构安全性和延长使用寿命.
相关概念视频
01:12Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength
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The rebound hammer test, also known as the Schmidt hammer test, is a non-destructive technique for evaluating the hardness of concrete and, indirectly, the strength of concrete. It operates on the principle that the rebound of a spring-driven mass from a concrete surface correlates to the surface's hardness. The device comprises a mass within a tubular housing, a spring mechanism, and a plunger that strikes the concrete. Upon release, the energy imparted to the mass by the spring causes it...
102
01:25Workability of Concrete
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The workability of concrete is a crucial property that affects its handling, placing, and finishing during construction. It describes the ease with which concrete can be mixed, placed, compacted, and finished. Workability is primarily concerned with the concrete's movement and its ability to resist internal friction and external resistance from molds and reinforcements during the application process.
Concrete's workability is determined by its resistance to internal forces that arise...
Concrete's workability is determined by its resistance to internal forces that arise...
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01:14Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability
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This example deals with managing the workability of concrete for a raft foundation project under hot weather conditions. Workability is crucial for ensuring the concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this scenario, a slump test — a common method to measure the workability of fresh concrete — initially indicated low workability. This was attributed to the rapid water loss from the concrete mix, exacerbated by the high temperatures causing the course aggregates to heat up.
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01:23Abrasion Resistance of Concrete
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Abrasion resistance is an essential characteristic of concrete that determines its durability and longevity under various wear conditions. Concrete surfaces are vulnerable to different types of abrasion. For instance, surfaces may wear down due to the constant movement of vehicles or be eroded by solids carried in water, as seen in concrete canal linings. Specific tests are conducted to measure the abrasion resistance of concrete.
One such test is the revolving disc test, where three plates...
One such test is the revolving disc test, where three plates...
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01:28Types of Non-structural Cracks in Concrete
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Non-structural cracks are primarily of three types: plastic, early-age thermal, and drying shrinkage cracks. Plastic cracks are further classified into plastic shrinkage cracks and plastic settlement cracks.
Plastic shrinkage cracks typically form within hours after the concrete is poured. The concrete's surface dries faster than the bottom, creating tensile stress that the still-plastic concrete cannot withstand, leading to diagonal or randomly patterned cracks on the concrete surface.
Plastic shrinkage cracks typically form within hours after the concrete is poured. The concrete's surface dries faster than the bottom, creating tensile stress that the still-plastic concrete cannot withstand, leading to diagonal or randomly patterned cracks on the concrete surface.
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01:25Reinforcements in Concrete
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Reinforced concrete is a composite material used extensively in construction, combining the compressive strength of concrete with the tensile strength of steel. This synergy is essential as concrete, while excellent at resisting compression, is weak under tension. Steel bars, or rebars, are embedded in the concrete to handle these tensile forces. The choice of steel is strategic; it shares a similar coefficient of thermal expansion with concrete, which ensures uniformity in response to...
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