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Updated: May 21, 2025

Isolation of Exosomes from the Plasma of HIV-1 Positive Individuals
Published on: January 5, 2016
在无症状的HIV/Leishmania婴儿同时感染的T细胞激活和衰老
Carolina de Oliveira Mendes-Aguiar1, Manoella do Monte Alves2, Amanda de Albuquerque Lopes Machado1
1Institute of Tropical Medicine of Rio Grande do Norte, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
艾滋病毒和莱什曼尼亚共感染的人显示T细胞激活和衰老的增加,这是发展内脏莱什曼尼亚病 (VL) 的潜在危险因素. 这凸显了监测共感染个体的免疫状况的重要性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 婴儿莱什曼尼亚是一种机会性病原体,可以引起内脏莱什曼尼亚病 (VL),特别是在免疫受损的个体中.
- 艾滋病毒同时感染 (艾滋病/VL) 显著增加了VL的死亡风险.
- 艾滋病毒-莱什曼尼亚共感染的改变T细胞激活可能会影响VL风险.
研究的目的:
- 调查巴西艾滋病毒感染者 (PLHIV) 中L.infantum感染的流行情况.
- 为了比较PLHIV与没有Leishmania感染之间的T细胞激活和免疫状态,以及不同的VL结局.
- 确定与从无症状的艾滋病毒/莱什曼病 coinfection 到症状的 VL.L. 的进展相关的免疫相关物.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究 (2014-2016) 评估了巴西1372名PLHIV中L.婴儿感染的流行率.
- 事件VL病例通过公共卫生数据库和家庭队列来追踪.
- 免疫状况,包括T细胞激活标记 (CD38,HLA-DR,CD57,PD1) 和计数 (CD4+,CD8+) 在69名参与者中进行了评估.
主要成果:
- 24.2%的PLHIV患者呈阳性抗L婴儿IgG抗体.
- 艾滋病毒/莱什曼尼亚共感染者与阳性血清学显示的趋势是患上艾滋病/VL的风险增加 (RR=2.27,p=0.07).
- 与仅感染艾滋病毒的人相比,无症状的HIV/Leish个体表现出更高的激活 (CD8+CD38+HLA-DR+) 和衰老 (CD57+,PD1+) CD8+T细胞.
结论:
- 尽管CD4+和CD8+T细胞数量相似,但无症状的HIV/Leish共感染个体显示CD8+T细胞激活和衰老的增加.
- 这些 CD8+ T 细胞的免疫变化可能是导致这种人群患内脏莱什曼病风险的关键因素.
- 监测T细胞激活和衰老可能对PLHIV与Leishmania共感染的风险分层很重要.
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