预测饮食障碍的因素和青少年精英运动员,训练有素运动员和参考组的饮食障碍的患病率:一项前性控制两步研究
Christine Sundgot-Borgen1, Jorunn Sundgot-Borgen2, Nina Sølvberg2
1Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
British journal of sports medicine
|March 17, 2025
概括
饮食障碍 (ED) 的患病率在运动员群体和非运动员群体之间没有显著差异. 然而,男性非运动员表现出更多的ED症状,而女性精英运动员的症状较少,这凸显了针对性预防策略的需要,重点是性和痛苦.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 饮食障碍 (ED) 是青少年的一个重大问题.
- 了解不同学生群体的ED患病率和风险因素至关重要.
- 这项研究调查了运动员与非运动员之间的ED.
研究的目的:
- 检查男性和女性高中学生的饮食障碍诊断 (ED诊断) 和ED症状.
- 为了比较精英运动员,训练有素运动员和非运动员的患病率和预测因素.
- 评估从基线 (T1) 到一年后续 (T2) 的变化.
主要方法:
- 一项前性研究,在基线 (T1) 时有1186名参与者,在随访 (T2) 时有1144名参与者.
- 进行了包括饮食障碍检查问卷 (EDEQ 6.0) 在内的调查.
- 对在T2时出现ED症状的参与者进行了诊断面试.
主要成果:
- 两组之间没有发现ED诊断患病率的统计学上显著差异.
- 男性非运动员报告的ED症状比男性运动员更多.
- 女精英运动员报告的ED症状比其他女性群体少;训练有素的女运动员随着时间的推移显示症状增加.
- 高体重指数和心理困扰预测了男性的ED症状.
- 较低的弹性,心理压力和非运动员地位预测了女性的ED症状.
结论:
- 虽然ED诊断的患病率在各组中相似,但症状呈现有所不同.
- 建议针对心理弹性和痛苦进行有针对性的干预.
- 需要特别注意男性非运动员和女性运动员.
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