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在前临床前额叶皮层中,阿片类药物诱导的冒险行为的神经相关物
Cana B Quave1,2, Andres M Vasquez1,3, Guillermo Aquino-Miranda1
1Dept. of Neurobiology & Anatomy, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
概括
研究人员研究了使用一种新的方法避免任务在老鼠中寻找危险的阿片类药物. 在与药物相关的环境中,持续的前临床皮层抑制信号与阿片类药物使用障碍中增加的冒险行为相关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为神经科学 行为神经科学
- 成研究 研究成研究
背景情况:
- 阿片类药物使用障碍的特点是决策能力受损和风险行为.
- 驱动风险阿片类药物寻求的神经机制仍然不清楚.
- 前额叶皮质在执行功能和决策方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用一种新的方法 - - 避免冲突任务 - - 调查在前临床皮质 (PL) 中寻找危险阿片类药物的神经相关物.
- 检查PL神经元活动如何在对阿片类药物线索和动机冲突的反应中发生变化.
- 在阿片类药物使用障碍模型中识别与不同风险行为相关的神经特征.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个修改后的有条件的位置偏好任务,其中包含了接近-避免冲突 (猫气味威胁).
- 利用K-means集群来根据行为将老鼠分为"冒险者"和"避险者".
- 在急性和重复服用吗啡后的行为任务期间,在前临床皮质 (PL) 中进行单单元记录.
主要成果:
- 吗啡暴露最初抑制了PL神经元活动,这种效应在重复服用后减弱.
- 风险回避者在整个条件下在PL中表现出持续的吗啡后兴奋.
- 在冲突测试期间,特别在风险承担者中观察到持续抑制PL活动,并增加了特定位置的射击.
结论:
- 在动机冲突期间与药物相关的环境中,PL中持续的抑制信号可能会在阿片类药物使用障碍中驱动冒险行为.
- 临界前皮质是理解药物与环境相互作用和危险阿片类药物使用的关键区域.
- 这些发现完善了临床前成模型,并突出了前额叶皮质,用于风险阿片类药物使用的翻译研究.
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