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相关概念视频

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

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Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
9.1K
Transcription Initiation01:47

Transcription Initiation

16.1K
Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
16.1K
Bacterial Transcription01:53

Bacterial Transcription

27.8K
RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
27.8K
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

23.1K
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
23.1K
Bacterial RNA Polymerase00:43

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

28.3K
Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
28.3K
Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes02:42

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes

15.0K
Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure.  Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
15.0K

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相关实验视频

Updated: May 21, 2025

Artificial RNA Polymerase II Elongation Complexes for Dissecting Co-transcriptional RNA Processing Events
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Artificial RNA Polymerase II Elongation Complexes for Dissecting Co-transcriptional RNA Processing Events

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在C. elegans中,SSUP-72/PINN-1协调RNA-聚合酶II 3'暂停和发育基因表达.

François-Xavier Stubbe1, Pauline Ponsard1, Florian A Steiner2

  • 1URPHYM-GEMO, The University of Namur, Namur, Belgium.

Nature communications
|March 18, 2025
PubMed
概括

科学家们发现,SSUP-72/PINN-1模块通过调节基因表达来帮助C. elegans发育. 这一发现绕过了对CDK-12的需求,为发育基因调节提供了新的见解.

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Determining Genetic Expression Profiles in C. elegans Using Microarray and Real-time PCR
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Quantitative and Automated High-throughput Genome-wide RNAi Screens in C. elegans
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相关实验视频

Last Updated: May 21, 2025

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Published on: May 13, 2019

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 发育生物学 发展生物学
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.

背景情况:

  • C. elegans从L1停止中退出,激活生长基因,通常在操作中.
  • 在这些操作中,转录终结与mRNA 3'处理脱.
  • 通过CDK-12介导的Pol II CTD S2化对于SL2转接和操作子中的基因表达至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 确定CDK-12抑制缺陷的抑制剂.
  • 研究SSUP-72/PINN-1模块在C. elegans发育中的作用.
  • 阐明SSUP-72/PINN-1调节基因表达和Pol II动态的机制.

主要方法:

  • 基因查以确定抑制器突变.
  • 全基因组分析以研究基因表达和Pol II调节.
  • 生物化学测试以表征酸酶活性.

主要成果:

  • 该SSUP-72/PINN-1模块可以抑制CDK-12抑制引起的缺陷.
  • 丢失SSUP-72/PINN-1绕过了在胚胎后发育过程中对CDK-12的要求.
  • SSUP-72,一个CTD S5P酸酶,调节Pol II 3'暂停和内部操作终止.

结论:

  • SSUP-72/PINN-1 是RNA聚合酶II动态的一个关键调节剂.
  • 这个模块在C. elegans发育过程中协调操作基因表达和生长.
  • 研究结果揭示了一种新的机制,用于调节操作子中的基因表达.