在合成细胞中RNA原始细胞骨的遗传编码和表达
Mai P Tran1,2, Taniya Chakraborty1,2, Erik Poppleton1,2,3
1Biophysical Engineering Group, Heidelberg University, Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), Heidelberg, Germany.
Nature nanotechnology
|March 18, 2025
概括
研究人员在合成细胞中创建了RNA原纳米管,提供了基于核酸的新分子硬件. 这一突破使得合成细胞能够产生它们自己的构建块,进步了自下而上的合成生物学领域.
科学领域:
- 合成生物学 合成生物学
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- "自下而上"的合成生物学旨在从分子组件中构建细胞.
- 目前的DNA纳米结构需要化学合成和回火,限制了它们在合成细胞中的产生.
- 需要基于核酸的分子硬件,合成细胞可以在内部生产.
研究的目的:
- 为了引入RNA原始基因组细胞骨模仿作为一种新型的合成细胞分子硬件类别.
- 为了证明RNA原始结构纳米结构在巨型单状脂囊 (GUVs) 中的现场表达和自我组装.
- 探索RNA原始素的潜力,以创造活跃的,可进化的,基于RNA的合成细胞.
主要方法:
- 设计RNA原木,在转录后折叠并自组装成纳米管.
- 使用DNA模板,聚合酶和外部供应的核酸在GUV内部表达RNA原始结构.
- 利用分子动力学模拟来研究DNA模板序列,RNA二次结构稳定性和纳米管形成之间的关系.
- 功能化的RNA纳米管与aptamers诱导皮质形成和膜变形.
主要成果:
- 在GUVs内的同热条件下,成功地表达和组装了微米长的3DRNA原木纳米管.
- 观察到DNA模板中的序列突变导致了不同的RNA原形表型,包括纳米管和闭环.
- 分子动力学模拟证实了RNA二次结构稳定性的改变驱动了这些表型转变.
- 使用aptamer功能化的RNA纳米管证明皮质形成,并观察到由于纳米管聚合而导致的膜变形.
结论:
- RNA原始纳米管代表了合成细胞应用中DNA纳米结构的可行替代方案.
- 能够在内部表达RNA原始硬件的能力允许合成细胞构建自己的组件.
- 这项工作为探索活跃,可进化和基于RNA的合成细胞铺平了道路,超越了基于DNA的系统.
相关概念视频
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
13.1K
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
13.1K
Types of RNA
5.5K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
5.5K
Nucleic Acid Structure
5.9K
The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...
DNA Structure
DNA...
5.9K
Nucleic Acids
43.3K
Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
43.3K
Ribosomes
7.2K
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome...
7.2K
Complementary DNA
29.2K
Overview
29.2K


