关于尼加拉瓜器官,组织和细胞捐赠的知识,态度和做法
Jasley Navarrete1, Engel Niño1, Luis Moreno1
1National Autonomous University of Nicaragua at León (UNAN-León), León, Nicaragua.
PLOS global public health
|March 18, 2025
概括
尼加拉瓜人对器官捐献表现出积极的态度,但知识差距仍然存在. 教育活动和基础设施建设对于提高器官捐献率和应对慢性病的公共卫生挑战至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 移植科学 移植科学
- 医学社会学 医学社会学
背景情况:
- 器官捐献和移植对于末期器官衰竭至关重要.
- 尼加拉瓜面临着一种重大的公共卫生挑战,即未知病因的慢性病 (CKDu),影响年轻的农业工人.
- 对于器官捐赠和移植的现有立法 (2013年第847号法律) 被低意识和不足的基础设施所阻碍.
研究的目的:
- 评估尼加拉瓜有关器官捐赠和移植的知识,态度和实践 (KAP).
- 在中低收入国家背景下,确定器官捐献的障碍和促进因素.
- 为提高器官捐献率提供有针对性的干预信息.
主要方法:
- 在18岁及以上的4,407名尼加拉瓜居民中进行了在线横截面调查.
- 数据是在2022年11月至2023年2月期间收集的,涵盖了所有15个部门和两个地区.
- 参与者的人口统计包括性别,年龄和位置 (城市/农村).
主要成果:
- 只有28.6%的参与者表现出对器官和组织捐赠和移植有很好的了解.
- 观察到高水平的积极态度,91.9%的人表示愿意捐赠.
- 约有72.6%的人从事与捐赠相关的行为,男性,受过高等教育和失业者表现出更高的坚持.
结论:
- 尽管有积极的态度,但尼加拉瓜的器官捐赠和移植存在重大知识赤字和供需差距.
- 有针对性的教育活动对于提高公众的理解和意识至关重要.
- 迫切需要基础设施发展和公众意识倡议来加强器官捐赠,特别是考虑到CKDu的负担.
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