波兰2022年的传染病情况
Magdalena Rosinska1, Mirosław P Czarkowski1, Małgorzata Sadkowska-Todys1
1Zakład Epidemiologii Chorób Zakaźnych i Nadzoru, Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego PZH - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy.
Przeglad epidemiologiczny
|March 18, 2025
概括
波兰的传染病发病率在2022年恢复到大流行前的水平,COVID-19 (冠状病毒疾病2019) 死亡率显著下降. 来自乌克兰的难民涌入对大多数疾病率的影响很小.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- COVID-19大流行和2022年来自乌克兰的难民涌入给波兰的公共卫生监测带来了独特的挑战.
- 了解流行病学情况对于有效的公共卫生干预和资源分配至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 总结波兰2022年传染病的流行病学情况.
- 评估COVID-19大流行和乌克兰难民危机对疾病发病率和死亡率的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析已公布的监测报告和国家传染病登记册数据 (Epibaza).
- 包括波兰统计局的死亡率数据.
- 2022年发病率数据与历史中位数 (2016-2020年) 和前几年的数据进行比较.
主要成果:
- 与2021年相比,COVID-19 (冠状病毒疾病2019) 病例和死亡人数显著下降,尽管它仍然是传染病死亡的主要原因.
- 流感,水和莱姆病的发病率与大流行前的中位数保持一致.
- 观察到传染性脑炎,Clostridioides difficile,诺罗病毒,侵入性肺炎球菌病和性传播感染的显著增加.
- 来自乌克兰的移民有助于增加艾滋病毒/艾滋病,乙型肝炎和乙型肝炎,结核病,麻疹和风疹的诊断,占这些疾病新病例的很大比例.
结论:
- 大多数传染病在2022年出现增加的发病率,恢复到大流行前的趋势.
- 乌克兰难民涌入对波兰大多数疾病发病率的总体影响有限.
- 持续监测对于监测疾病趋势和移民人口的健康状况至关重要.
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