飞艇类型对军用船只操作员作战脊柱姿势的影响
Joseph A Gordon1, Zachary G Brumm1, Bahar Shahidi1
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.
Journal of biomechanics
|March 18, 2025
概括
高速艇操作员由于工作而经历脊柱变化. 军事职业专业和姿势会影响脊柱运动,但疼痛不会预测这些变化.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 脊柱生理学 脊柱生理学
背景情况:
- 高速艇运营商 (HSBO) 面临着由高冲击力和不稳定的平台造成的脊椎疼痛和损伤的重大风险.
- 了解对脊柱的生物力学影响对于减轻军事人员这些风险至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同军事职业专业 (MOS) 对现役人员脊柱运动学的影响.
- 检查脊柱姿势,疼痛程度和HSBO和其他海军陆战队员的残疾之间的关系.
- 确定评估脊柱健康和指导干预措施的客观措施.
主要方法:
- 86名现役人员 (64名HSBO,22名海军陆战队员) 坐着和站着进行了直立MRI扫描.
- 脊柱动力学测量包括斜腰角,与水平平面相对的角度,十字斜率,T1斜率和脊椎间角 (腰椎和椎脊柱).
- 使用奥斯威斯特残疾指数 (ODI),部残疾指数 (NDI) 和视觉模拟尺度 (VAS) 来评估残疾和疼痛. 统计分析包括ANOVA和逐步线性回归.
主要成果:
- 身体位置显著影响腰椎动力学 (斜角,交叉斜坡,脊椎间角L2-S1) 和宫斜角.
- 军事职业专业影响了形角和与水平平面相对的角度.
- 部残疾占部脊柱特定参数变异的4%;然而,疼痛并不能预测腰部或部脊柱的姿势.
结论:
- 身体位置显著改变了所有研究组的脊柱动力学.
- 在军事职业专业之间存在椎脊柱姿势的明显差异.
- 主观疼痛测量是脊柱姿势的不可靠预测指标,强调需要客观的诊断工具和针对性干预HSBO减少伤害风险.
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