多层次的选择对个人和群体在野外的社会行为
Conner S Philson1,2,3, Julien G A Martin4, Daniel T Blumstein1,2
1Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Proceedings. Biological sciences
|March 18, 2025
概括
多层次选择,即自然选择在多个生物层面上起作用,在野生黄腹大鼠中进行了研究. 研究人员发现,对群体社会结构的选择与个人社会行为一样强大,甚至比个人社会行为更强大.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 人口遗传学 人口遗传学
背景情况:
- 多层次选择是一个关键的进化理论,但它对野生种群的社交行为的作用仍然不太清楚.
- 社会行为经常被用作多层次选择的理论例子,但经验证据有限.
- 了解对社会结构的选择压力对于解释合作和社交的演变至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究多层次选择对野生哺乳动物个体行为和群体社会结构的相对强度.
- 为自然种群中多层次选择对社交性的作用提供经验证据.
- 探索潜在的机制,如对抗性选择梯度,塑造社会进化.
主要方法:
- 利用了19年来野生黄腹大松鼠 (Marmota flaviventer) 种群的数据.
- 使用社交网络分析来量化个人和团体的社会结构.
- 应用上下文分析来评估个人和团体层面的选择梯度.
主要成果:
- 检测到多层次选择梯度,表明选择对个人社会行为和群体社会结构都起作用.
- 发现对群体社会结构的选择与对个人社会行为的选择一样强,或者比选择更强.
- 在水平内和水平之间观察到敌对的多层次选择梯度,这可能会限制增加社交性的好处和遗传性.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了第一个经验证据,即多层次选择显著塑造了野生种群中的社会关系和结构.
- 这些发现强调了同时评估多个层次层次的进化动态的重要性.
- 敌对的选择可能解释了不同种类的社会性进化的变化.
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