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细胞和甲状腺髓癌的细胞系病理学
José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro1, Manuel Sobrinho-Simões2
1Department of Pathology, Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. josemanuel.cameselle@usc.es.
概括
甲状腺C细胞参与色素的产生,可以经历反应性增生或瘤增殖,这是甲状腺髓性癌 (MTC) 的前体. 识别RET原基因突变对于诊断家族MTC和指导向治疗至关重要.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 组织病理学 组织病理学
背景情况:
- 甲状腺C细胞是源自喉内皮的神经内分泌细胞,负责色素的产生.
- 正常的C细胞分布集中在甲状腺上叶,分散在毛囊中.
- 区分反应性C细胞增生与瘤性C细胞增生 (皮内瘤/骨髓癌 in situ) 是至关重要的.
研究的目的:
- 要区分反应性C细胞增生和瘤性C细胞增生,这是甲状腺髓癌 (MTC) 的前体.
- 突出MTC的诊断标准,包括组织学模式和免疫组织化学标记.
- 强调对家族MTC和潜在治疗点的遗传调查的重要性.
主要方法:
- 甲状腺组织的组织病理学检查.
- 素,癌胚抗原,素基因相关和胰岛素瘤相关蛋白质的免疫组织化学 1.
- 细菌线RET原基因突变分析.
- 在细胞学/活检样本中进行体质突变分析 (RET,RAS).
主要成果:
- 骨髓性甲状腺癌 (MTC) 通常表现为带有粉样质沉积的叶片/状腺生长,但表现为组织学变异性.
- 由于组织学变异性,免疫组织化学对于确认MTC诊断至关重要.
- 生殖线RET原基因突变是识别家族MTC的强制性.
- 身体RET或RAS突变可以作为治疗点.
结论:
- 准确区分反应性和瘤性C细胞变化对于患者管理至关重要.
- 综合诊断方法,包括组织学,免疫组织化学和遗传检测,是MTC所必需的.
- 鉴定特定的基因突变为MTC的向治疗提供了潜在的潜力.
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