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全球因职业因素导致的癌症负担,1990-2021年
Binbin Zou1, Ping Wu2, Jianjun Chen1
1Department of Hematology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
BMC cancer
|March 19, 2025
概括
职业致癌物暴露对全球癌症负担产生重大影响. 虽然石棉的影响减少了,但柴油废气和三乙烯的暴露正在增加,特别是在低至中等收入地区,需要紧急关注公共卫生.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 职业医学 职业医学是专业的.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 职业致癌物 (OCs) 是一个重要的全球健康问题,导致癌症发病率和死亡率.
- 了解OC相关癌症负担的趋势和地理分布对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过2021年全球疾病负担 (GBD) 研究,评估归因于职业致癌物质的全球癌症负担.
- 通过各种人口和地理因素分析与OCs相关的死亡率和残疾调整寿命年 (DALYs) 的趋势.
主要方法:
- 利用GBD 2021数据量化OCs的癌症负担,分析死亡率和DALYs.
- 计算估计年度百分比变化 (EAPC) 以评估跨年龄,年龄,地点和社会人口统计指数 (SDI) 的趋势演变.
主要成果:
- 石棉暴露,虽然历史上严重,但显示年龄标准化死亡率和DALY率显著下降.
- 柴油发动机排气和三乙烯暴露显示出日益增长的趋势,在南亚和东南亚显著上升.
- 低至中等SDI地区,包括南亚和撒哈拉以南非洲,经历了与OC相关的癌症负担的最高增长.
结论:
- 职业接触致癌物质,特别是来自石棉和二氧化,仍然是全球癌症的主要驱动因素.
- 越来越多的柴油发动机废气暴露带来越来越大的风险,特别是在低收入地区,需要有针对性的公共卫生战略.
- 与OC相关的癌症负担的变化突显了全球持续监测和适应性预防措施的需要.
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