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患有2型糖尿病和妊娠糖尿病的女性视网膜毛细血管密度的变化 - 基于OCTA技术的分析

Jing Zhang^1,2, Yao Yu³, Xian-Mei Zhou⁴

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China.

International journal of ophthalmology

|March 19, 2025

概括

光学连贯断层扫描血管造影 (OCTA) 显示了健康个体和2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 或妊娠糖尿病 (GDM) 患者之间的视网膜毛细血管密度的显著差异. 在早期糖尿病诊断和区分方面,OCTA显示出前景.

科学领域:

眼科医生眼科眼科
糖尿病学糖尿病学
医疗成像医学成像

背景情况:

糖尿病,包括2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 和妊娠糖尿病 (GDM),可以导致影响视网膜的微血管并发症.
早期发现和区分这些疾病对于及时干预和管理至关重要,以防止危及视力的并发症.
光学连贯断层扫描血管学 (OCTA) 是一种先进的成像技术,可以进行非侵入性可视化和视网膜微血管学的量化.

研究的目的:

用OCTA评估T2DM和GDM的女性患者结膜血管密度 (CVD) 和斑点毛细血管密度 (MCD) 的变化.
评估OCTA在区分T2DM,GDM和健康对照 (HC) 的诊断潜力.

主要方法:

60名女性参与者 (20 T2DM,20 GDM,20 HCs) 接受了OCTA成像检查.
使用OCTA来评估表面和深层视网膜毛细管 (sRCP和dRCP).
使用各种细分方法 (圆形,半球,ETDRS) 分析了斑点毛细血管密度.

主要成果:

在所有组中观察到结膜血管密度 (CVD) 的统计学显著变化 (P<0.001).
在T2DM和HC之间的sRCP中发现了微血管密度 (总微血管成像[TMI],微血管成像[MIR]) 的显著差异 (P<0.05),GDM显示出比T2DM (P<0.01) 更大的MIR减少.
该dRCP还显示T2DM和HC之间TMI和MIR的显著差异 (P<0.05),以及GDM和T2DM之间 (P<0.01). 接收器操作特征 (ROC) 曲线分析表明,TMI和MIR在区分组的诊断准确度很高,曲线下的面积 (AUC) 高达0.99.

结论:

表面和深层视网膜毛细管密度对T2DM和GDM具有很高的诊断灵敏度.
OCTA是早期诊断和区分T2DM和GDM的一个有价值的工具.
进一步的研究可以探索OCTA在监测糖尿病患者疾病进展和治疗反应方面的作用.

关键词:

视网膜深层毛细血管.糖尿病糖尿病患者糖尿病患者光学连贯性断层扫描血管图谱视网膜区域细分方法的细分方法.表面的视网膜毛细血管.

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