对严重伤害或死亡事件中应用的系统性事件调查方法的分析:快速系统性审查
Joanne E Porter1, Elissa Dabkowski2, Warren Smith3
1Director of the Collaborative Evaluation and Research Centre (CERC) Federation University Australia, Gippsland, Victoria, Australia.
Public health in practice (Oxford, England)
|March 19, 2025
概括
这次对事故原因模型的审查发现,它们专注于错误,而不是系统. 一个新的模型,SCALE®过程模型,提供了一个系统的方法来理解和预防严重伤害和死亡.
科学领域:
- 职业安全与健康问题 职业安全与健康问题
- 风险管理 风险管理
- 系统工程 系统工程
背景情况:
- 现有的事故因果模型往往侧重于个别错误和故障.
- 2019年由Hulme等人进行的系统审查. 建立了一个分析事故原因的基础.
- 当前的模型可能很复杂,难以解释,阻碍了对事件的整体理解.
研究的目的:
- 检查2019年后应用事故因果分析方法的研究.
- 发现当前事故分析模型的局限性.
- 引入一种新的系统性事故因果分析方法.
主要方法:
- 快速回顾2019年至2023年6月期间发表的文献.
- 搜索了多个数据库,包括Scopus,MEDLINE,科学网和科学直播.
- 包括应用事故分析建模对各种行业严重伤害和死亡事故的研究.
主要成果:
- 五篇论文符合纳入标准,主要来自制造业.
- 调查结果进一步证实,目前的模型强调错误和缺陷,而不是整个系统的视角.
- 现有的模型被发现是复杂的,难以解释.
结论:
- 需要基于研究的事件分析系统,适用于跨学科.
- 新推出的SCALE®流程模型使用系统技术来更深入地理解事件.
- 该SCALE®过程模型旨在通过分析促成因素来减少严重伤害和死亡.
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