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相关概念视频

Hybridoma Technology01:31

Hybridoma Technology

13.9K
Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation,...
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Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

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Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
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Affinity and Avidity01:41

Affinity and Avidity

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Overview
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
1.3K
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

4.7K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
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Humoral Immune Responses01:36

Humoral Immune Responses

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相关实验视频

Updated: May 21, 2025

Analysis of Somatic Hypermutation in the JH4 intron of Germinal Center B cells from Mouse Peyer's Patches
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Analysis of Somatic Hypermutation in the JH4 intron of Germinal Center B cells from Mouse Peyer's Patches

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调节的体质突变增强了抗体亲和力成熟

Julia Merkenschlager1,2, Andrew G T Pyo3, Gabriela S Silva Santos4

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. julia_merkenschlager@hms.harvard.edu.

Nature
|March 20, 2025
PubMed
概括

B细胞通过调整细胞分裂过程中的突变速率来优化抗体亲和度的成熟. 高亲和性B细胞分裂更多但变异较少, 保护血统并改善免疫反应.

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Assessing Somatic Hypermutation in Ramos B Cells after Overexpression or Knockdown of Specific Genes
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Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
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相关实验视频

Last Updated: May 21, 2025

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科学领域:

  • 免疫学
  • 分子生物学
  • 细胞生物学

背景情况:

  • 生殖中心是B细胞亲和力成熟的关键地点.
  • 在免疫球蛋白基因中引入随机突变.
  • 高突变率可能导致有害突变,阻碍抗体成熟.

研究的目的:

  • 研究一种优化B细胞亲和力成熟的理论模型.
  • 了解B细胞如何根据抗体亲和度变异.
  • 检查保护高亲和度B细胞系的机制.

主要方法:

  • 一个理论模型的实验验证.
  • 用SARS-CoV-2疫苗和模型抗原对小鼠进行免疫接种.
  • 对B细胞周期阶段和突变率的分析.

主要成果:

  • 实验数据与理论模型保持一致.
  • 产生高亲和抗体的B细胞表现出较短的G0/G1细胞周期阶段.
  • 高亲和性B细胞表现出每细胞分裂的突变率降低.

结论:

  • 通过动态调整突变速率来优化B细胞亲和度的成熟.
  • 较短的细胞周期阶段和较低的突变率可以保护高亲和度的B细胞系.
  • 这些适应机制提高了抗体反应的整体有效性.