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功能性消化不良的评估 - 目前的诊断方法和新的有前途的技术
Vadim Rosca1,2, Liliana Gheorghe1,3, Diana Floria1,2
1Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
Archive of clinical cases
|March 20, 2025
概括
功能性消化不良 (FD) 是一种肠-大脑疾病,影响全球许多人. 本综述详细介绍了胃运动的先进诊断方法,旨在精确,个性化治疗超出基于症状的方法.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 神经胃肠病学 神经胃肠病学
- 消化系统生理学 消化系统生理学
背景情况:
- 功能性消化不良 (FD) 是一种普遍存在的肠脑相互作用 (DGBI) 障碍,影响多达20%的人口.
- 具有慢性上部胃肠道症状的特征,没有可识别的有机原因,FD显著损害生活质量和负担医疗保健系统.
- 目前的诊断方法往往依赖于基于症状的标准 (罗马IV) 和有限的上部内镜,强调需要客观的功能评估.
研究的目的:
- 审查和总结现有和新兴的功能性消化不良 (FD) 诊断方法.
- 探索客观评估的胃机动性,住宿和感官功能在FD.
- 讨论先进技术的潜力,以改善FD诊断和管理.
主要方法:
- 使用关键词进行了全面的PubMed文献搜索:功能性消化不良,胃流动性评估,ROME IV和胃排空 (GE).
- 相关研究被手动审查,重点是FD和胃功能的诊断方式.
- 该审查涵盖了各种技术,包括饮料测试,超声波,核磁共振,共振,呼吸测试,电胃图 (HR-EGG),EndoFLIP,fMRI和PET扫描等.
主要成果:
- 有几种客观的诊断方法用于评估FD的胃适应性,过敏性和延迟的胃排空.
- 像饮用超声波,MRI,胃排空光学,13C呼吸测试,HR-EGG和EndoFLIP等技术提供了胃运动和感官功能的客观测量.
- 先进的神经成像 (fMRI,PET) 提供了有关FD病理生理学的脑肠相互作用的见解.
结论:
- 先进的诊断方法提供了对FD病理生理学的客观见解,超越了基于症状的诊断.
- 这些技术通过提供胃功能的客观测量来增强FD的理解和管理.
- 这些先进的诊断工具的标准化和整合到临床实践中对于优化患者护理和制定FD个性化治疗策略至关重要.
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