生成性人工智能和遗传咨询专业
Leo Meekins-Doherty1, Lisa Dive2, Alison McEwen2
1Genomic Medicine & Familial Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital and Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Journal of genetic counseling
|March 20, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 和大型语言模型 (LLM) 为遗传咨询任务提供了潜在的好处,例如起草通信和协助决策. 然而,它们无法取代遗传咨询师提供的同情和个性化护理的基本人类元素.
科学领域:
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 基因咨询 基因咨询
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI),特别是像ChatGPT这样的生成性大语言模型 (LLM),正准备改变各种职业.
- 遗传咨询被认为是LLM由于其自然语言处理能力而受到重大影响的领域.
研究的目的:
- 提供对LLM的概述,详细说明它们的优点,偏见,风险和遗传咨询中的潜在应用.
- 探索将LLM整合到遗传医疗保健中的影响,平衡技术潜力与道德考虑.
主要方法:
- 文学审查和对当前LLM能力的分析.
- 探索遗传咨询的潜在用例,包括行政任务和客户支持工具.
- 讨论与临床环境中LLM部署相关的伦理,监管和隐私问题.
主要成果:
- 遗传咨询专业对增加遗传咨询任务,如写信,分类和决策支持有很大的希望.
- 从LLM与客户数据和机密信息的互动中产生的重大伦理,监管和隐私挑战.
- 虽然LLM可以处理信息并模拟同情心,但他们无法复制人类遗传咨询师细微的心理治疗技能和个性化的护理.
结论:
- 在遗传咨询实践中,LLM对遗传咨询实践的特定方面提供了宝贵的支持.
- 保持对核心咨询过程和心理治疗目标的关注对于在AI集成的未来的遗传咨询师来说至关重要.
- 仔细考虑在临床环境中部署人工智能,并保留关系护理要素,对于确保客户获得高质量的结果至关重要.
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