性别特定的辐射相关的肺癌死亡风险受到了美国放射技术技术人员吸烟的影响
Cato M Milder1, Elizabeth K Cahoon1, Sara J Schonfeld1
1Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute
|March 20, 2025
概括
放射暴露增加了放射技术人员的肺癌风险,男性的风险比女性更高. 两性都面临着轻度至中度吸烟的风险增加,这强调了辐射保护和戒烟计划的必要性.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 辐射流行病学 辐射流行病学
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 以前对原子弹幸存者的研究表明,女性的辐射相关肺癌风险更高.
- 这项研究调查了美国放射技术专家的性别特异性风险,以评估可复制性.
研究的目的:
- 评估美国放射技术专家的与特定性别辐射相关的肺癌死亡风险.
- 研究职业辐射暴露和吸烟对肺癌风险的联合影响.
主要方法:
- 一组由83,715名女性和26,650名男性的美国放射技术专家组成的队列,使用1983-2013年的问卷数据进行了研究.
- 个人职业辐射剂量估计使用章数据和问卷.
- 用波桑回归来分析肺癌死亡风险,考虑辐射剂量,吸烟史和性别.
主要成果:
- 肺癌死亡率随着累积辐射剂量的增加而增加.
- 过度相对风险 (ERR) 每100mGy在男性 (从未吸烟者: 1.98) 比女性 (从未吸烟者: 0.40) 高.
- 吸烟改变了辐射风险,在轻度至中度吸烟水平 (高达16支香烟/天) 观察到的风险最高.
结论:
- 与辐射相关的肺癌死亡风险在男性中比女性更强,与此前在原子弹幸存者中发现的结果相反.
- 当与轻度至中度的吸烟相结合时,两性都经历了最高的辐射风险.
- 调查结果强调,所有辐射工作者都需要严格的辐射保护和戒烟支持.
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