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任务交换和额叶皮层在成年期间的功能:fNIRS研究

Michael K Yeung1

  • 1Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; University Research Facility of Human Behavioral Neuroscience, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; University Research Facility in Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.

NeuroImage
|March 20, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

随着年龄的增长,任务交换性能下降,变得更慢,更不准确. 然而,左后侧额叶皮层中大脑活化增加可能有助于老年人保持认知功能.

关键词:
衰老的衰老 衰老的衰老心理灵活性 精神灵活性近红外光谱学近红外光谱学前额叶皮层前额叶皮层.交换任务的任务交换.

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科学领域:

  • 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
  • 衰老的神经科学 衰老的神经科学

背景情况:

  • 任务交换对于日常运作至关重要,但效率低于单一任务的性能.
  • 关于与年龄相关的任务切换差异及其神经支的先前研究是有限的.

研究的目的:

  • 在成年期间调查任务交换性能和神经机制的年龄相关差异.
  • 检查年龄,任务交换效率和前皮层激活之间的关系.

主要方法:

  • 132名成年人 (年龄在18-79岁之间) 完成了任务交换范式和Trail Making Test的一个变体.
  • 功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 测量了双边前皮层的血液动力学变化.
  • 行为数据 (时间,准确性) 和fNIRS数据分析了与年龄相关的相关性.

主要成果:

  • 年长的成年人表现出更慢,更不准确的任务交换性能.
  • 年龄与任务交换速度负相关,与准确度正相关.
  • 左侧后侧额叶皮质的激活增加与年龄有关.

结论:

  • 任务交换性能及其神经相关物体在成年期间显示出不同的与年龄相关的变化.
  • 增强的左后侧额叶皮层参与可能作为与年龄相关的任务交换下降的补偿机制.
  • 了解这些神经机制可以为支持老年人的认知功能制定策略.