基于GeoSOS-FLUS模型和机器学习方法评估长沙市建筑用地的变化和趋势
Zuopeng Zhang1, Zhe Li2, Zhirong Li1
1School of Architecture and Art, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
Scientific reports
|March 21, 2025
概括
长沙的建筑用地从2000年到2023年几乎增加了三倍,这是由于城市化政策和人口增长的推动. 政策干预,特别是生态控制,可以减轻城市扩张,以实现可持续发展.
科学领域:
- 城市和区域规划 城市和区域规划
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地理信息系统 (GIS) 是一个地理信息系统.
背景情况:
- 快速的城市化给土地资源管理和可持续发展带来了挑战.
- 了解土地使用变化动态对于有效的城市规划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从2000年到2023年,分析长沙的土地使用变化和城市建设土地扩张情况.
- 确定城市化的主要驱动因素,并模拟未来的扩张趋势.
- 评估不同政策场景在土地利用管理方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 使用了三种分类模型:随机森林 (RF),梯度增强决策树 (GBDT) 和人工神经网络 (ANN) 来进行土地使用分类.
- 进行了城市建设土地扩张的时空空间分析.
- 采用单变量和相互作用检测分析来确定关键驱动因素,包括政策和自然变量.
主要成果:
- 随机森林模型实现了最高的准确性 (95.78%).
- 长沙的建筑用地面积在2000年至2023年间扩大了近三倍 (563.82平方公里至1628.20平方公里),从2010年至2015年达到峰值增长.
- 夜间光线指数和人口密度被确定为扩张的最重要的驱动因素,而政策干预 (例如,生态控制场景) 可以有效地限制扩散.
结论:
- 城市化是由政策和人口增长等人为因素驱动的,对长沙的土地资源施加了巨大的压力.
- 政策监管,特别是生态保护,对于缓解不受控制的城市扩张至关重要.
- 调查结果为平衡经济发展与生态保护提供了洞察力,以实现长沙可持续的城市增长.
相关概念视频
Manipulation and Analysis
17
GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...
17
Levels of Use of a GIS
25
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) operate across three levels of application, each representing an increasing degree of complexity: data management, analysis, and prediction. These levels reflect the expanding functionality and versatility of GIS technology in handling spatial data for diverse purposes.Data ManagementAt its foundational level, GIS serves as a tool for data management, enabling the input, storage, retrieval, and organization of spatial data. This level is often employed in...
25
Design Example: Alignment of a Road Line Using GIS
25
The alignment of a road line using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a critical process in civil engineering, combining advanced technology with practical decision-making. This methodology begins with the collection of geospatial data, including information on land cover, geomorphology, drainage patterns, slope, and contour details. Such data is typically acquired through satellite imagery and GIS tools, offering a comprehensive understanding of the terrain.Once the data is gathered, it...
25
Methods of Obtaining Topography
39
Topography involves measuring and mapping land elevations, natural features, and artificial structures to create accurate representations of the terrain. Topographic surveying relies on traditional and modern methods, each with distinct advantages and limitations.Traditional Surveying Methods:Transit stadia surveys and plane table surveys were widely used traditional surveying methods. These techniques relied on instruments like theodolites and stadia rods for measuring distances and angles,...
39
Applications of GIS: Disaster Management and Emergency Response
30
Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is essential for risk identification, action prioritization, and resource optimization in critical situations like flooding and earthquakes. By integrating spatial and demographic data, GIS provides a comprehensive framework for emergency response.GIS integrates data layers, like rainfall intensity, topography, elevation profiles, and river levels, to model high-risk flood zones. These layers assess areas susceptible to flooding based on their...
30
Thematic Layering in GIS
26
In the past, planning projects such as schools or public facilities required extensive manual effort to gather and compile data. Information such as property boundaries, soil characteristics, road networks, zoning regulations, and flood zones had to be sourced individually from courthouses, utility providers, and registry offices. Assembling these datasets into a coherent format often took several months, delaying project timelines.The introduction of Geographic Information Systems (GIS)...
26


