基于活动的食品环境指数与美国肥胖相关癌症死亡率的关联
Qinyun Lin1, Xiang Chen2, Xukun Xiang3
1School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Guldhedsgatan 5A, Plan 3, Gothenburg, Sweden. qinyun.lin@gu.se.
BMC medicine
|March 21, 2025
概括
一个基于活动的食品环境指数,反映了零售商的访问,显著预测较低的肥胖相关的癌症死亡率. 这与基于位置的措施形成鲜明对比,强调了消费者行为在公共卫生战略中的重要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 肥胖和相关的癌症增加了医疗保健成本,并减少了预期寿命.
- 改善饮食质量是扭转这些趋势的关键.
- 现有的关于食物获取和癌症死亡率的研究是混合的,忽视了食品采购行为.
研究的目的:
- 根据居民对食品零售商的访问,开发一个新的食品环境指数.
- 为了将这种基于活动的指数与基于位置的指数进行比较.
- 评估它们与与肥胖相关的癌症死亡率的关联.
主要方法:
- 使用商业位置和基于GPS的食品零售商访问数据 (2018-2019) 进行横截面生态研究.
- 来自疾病控制和预防中心 (2015-2020) 的2925个县的死亡率数据.
- 计算基于活动和基于位置的食品环境指数;使用回归分析分析了与年龄调整的癌症死亡率的关联.
主要成果:
- 基于活动的指数显示,与癌症死亡率有显著的负相关性 (P < 0.001).
- 基于活动指数的每个SD增加与高风险地区的几率下降18%相关 (OR:0.821,P <0.001).
- 基于位置的指数的影响较弱,不显著.
结论:
- 食品零售商访问数据与与肥胖相关的癌症死亡率的联系比基于位置的数据更强.
- 卫生政策应考虑消费者食品采购活动.
- 纳入零售商访问可以加强打击肥胖和相关癌症的策略.
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