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Erik N K Iverson¹, Abby Criswell¹, Justin C Havird¹

¹Department of Integrative Biology, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.

Molecular biology and evolution

|March 21, 2025

概括

高海拔物种表现出更快的线粒体DNA进化,但这可能是由于与较小范围相关的放松净化选择,而不是适应. 对非适应性假设的严格测试对于线粒体基因组至关重要.

科学领域:

进化生物学是进化的生物学.
分子进化的分子进化.
基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

线粒体 (mt) 基因是能量生产和新陈代谢的核心.
适应性假设表明,高海拔环境通过积极选择推动线粒体DNA (mtDNA) 的快速进化.
放松净化选择与积极选择在mtDNA进化中的作用仍未得到充分测试.

研究的目的:

测试该假设,即高海拔驱动mtDNA的积极选择.
调查放松净化选择是否解释了高海拔物种中mtDNA进化速率的升高.
检查环境因素,范围大小,体重和mtDNA进化速率 (dN/dS) 之间的关系.

主要方法:

计算了dN/dS比率,这是非同义替换偏差的度量.
分析了700多种陆地脊椎动物,淡水鱼类和节肢动物的mtDNA.
与高度,度范围限制,范围大小和身体大小相关的dN/dS比.

主要成果:

高海拔的种群表现出略高于低海拔的亲属的dN/dS比率.
更小的范围大小预测了更高的dN/dS比率,表明选择放松.
绝对高度和度没有预测dN/dS;身体质量与dN/dS正相关,这表明由于有效人口规模较小,选择放松了.

结论:

高海拔物种中mt dN/dS的升高更可能归因于从较小范围的宽松选择和有效种群规模的减少.
这些发现挑战了积极选择推动高海拔地区mtDNA进化的假设.
强调需要测试线粒体基因组进化中观察到的模式的非适应性解释.

关键词:

适应适应适应适应高度的高度高度的高度.提升的高度提升的高度线粒体中的线粒体.选择的选择选择的选择.

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