从早期生态逆境到儿童未来自我调节的途径的多目的性:阐明机制,调节者及其发展时间
Juyoung Kim1, Grazyna Kochanska1
1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The University of Iowa, USA.
Development and psychopathology
|March 21, 2025
概括
早期的生活逆境通过母亲负面的内部工作模型 (IWM) 影响孩子的自我调节 (SR),这些模型预测了权力主张的育儿和较贫穷的孩子的SR. 在父子关系中没有观察到这些效应.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
- 家庭研究 家庭研究
背景情况:
- 早期的生态逆境可能会对儿童发展产生负面影响.
- 在逆境后影响各种发展结果的机制和因素尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 检查从父母的生态逆境到孩子的自我调节 (SR) 的纵向路径.
- 研究父母权力断言风格的调解作用和孩子的内部工作模型 (IWM) 的调节作用.
主要方法:
- 在200个美国城市进行了纵向研究. 中西部的家庭.
- 测量了16个月和3岁的生态逆境,父母权力断言风格和母亲IWM.
- 通过家长的报告和观察,在4.5岁时评估儿童的SR.
主要成果:
- 母性阴性IWM调节了生态逆境和权力主张之间的关联.
- 较高的早期逆境通过母权断言预测了较贫穷的儿童SR,但仅适用于具有高度负面IWMs的母亲.
- 母亲权力主张从16个月到3年是稳定的;在父子关系中没有发现显著的影响.
结论:
- 母亲的内部工作模式在早期生活中的逆境如何影响育儿行为和儿童自我调节方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 调查结果强调了早期母亲心理因素在减轻逆境对儿童发展的负面影响方面的重要性.
- 针对母体内的干预措施可能对暴露于早期生活逆境的儿童有好处.
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