[心血管疾病的性别特异性诊断和治疗]
Verena Stangl1, Anna Brand2,3
1Klinik für Kardiologie, Angiologie und Intensivmedizin, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland. verena.stangl@dhzc-charite.de.
Herz
|March 21, 2025
概括
心血管疾病的性别差异很大,但女性在临床研究中代表性不足. 更多的性别特异性研究对于基于证据的医学和量身定制的治疗至关重要.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 性别特异性医学是指性别特异性医学.
- 临床研究 临床研究
背景情况:
- 在诸如冠心病,心力衰竭,takotsubo综合征和心房动等心血管疾病中存在显著的性别差异.
- 妇女在临床研究中的代表性不足和研究中不充分考虑性别特异性方面,引发了对研究结果对妇女的适用性的担忧.
- 基于证据的医学原则受到临床前和临床研究中缺乏性别特定分析的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 突出在心血管研究中纳入性别特异性考虑的必要性.
- 解决有关心血管疾病及其治疗的性别特异性方面的证据差距.
- 倡导改善妇女在临床研究和性别分析中的代表性.
主要方法:
- 审查现有的心血管研究和临床指南,以考虑性别特异性.
- 分析有关心血管疾病流行病学,病理生理学和结果的性别特异性证据的现状.
- 评估在最近的欧洲心脏病学会 (ESC) 指南中包含性别特定建议的情况.
主要成果:
- 在2018-2023年间发布的ESC指导方针中,不到一半包含了针对性别特异性方面的专门部分.
- 最近的指导方针,比如高血压 (2024年) 的指导方针,开始解决性别特异性考虑和"证据差距".
- 需要更多的前性研究,重点关注流行病学,风险因素,病理生理学和结果的性别特异性数据.
结论:
- 对心血管疾病进行更多的性别特异性研究至关重要,以确保为所有人提供公平有效的医疗保健.
- 未来的研究必须专注于特定性别的最佳剂量,药物效应和不良事件,以推进基于证据的医学.
- 准则和研究实践必须不断发展,以充分解决心血管健康和疾病的性别特异性细微差别.
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