在花园堆肥中挖掘隐藏的塑料
Simran Kaur1, Elvis D Okoffo2, Kevin V Thomas2
1Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
The Science of the total environment
|March 21, 2025
概括
塑料残留物,包括生物降解类型,存在于堆肥和盆栽混合物中. 在所有样本中检测到聚乙烯酸盐 (PBS),突出显示了园林修改造成的潜在环境污染.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
背景情况:
- 堆肥和盆栽混合物越来越被认为是土壤中常规和可生物降解的塑料聚合物残留物的来源.
- 可生物降解的聚合物,无论是生物基的 (例如,聚乳酸 (PLA),聚酸酸盐 (PHAs),聚乙烯糖酸盐 (PBS)) 和化石基的 (例如,聚烯酸 (PCL),聚乙烯基甲酸盐 (PBAT)),都需要特殊的降解条件,引发环境问题.
- 这些塑料聚合物在用于改善土壤的堆肥中的流行程度和影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查在澳大利亚商业盆栽混合物和自制堆肥中选择的常规和可生物降解塑料聚合物的存在和流行情况.
- 用先进的分析技术量化这些塑料残留物的度.
- 评估堆肥和盆栽混合物对家庭花园中塑料污染的潜在贡献.
主要方法:
- 热解与气相色谱-质谱学 (Pyr-GC-MS) 结合使用,以分析样品.
- 选择的常规聚合物 (聚乙烯 (PE),聚烯 (PP),聚乙烯二甲 (PET),聚碳酸 (PC),聚乙烯 (PVC),聚烯 (PS)) 和生物降解聚合物 (PLA,PHA,PBS,PCL,PBAT) 是目标.
- 聚合物度以每克毫克 (mg/g) 或每克微克 (μg/g) 干重量 (d.w.) 确定.
主要成果:
- 在所有分析的堆肥和盆栽混合物样本中检测到聚乙烯酸盐 (PBS),其度在0.02至0.39μg/g d.w.之间.
- 在一个样本中发现聚烯 (PP),聚乙烯四甲酸盐 (PET) 和聚甲基甲酸盐 (PMMA),每个样本的度低 (0.120.18 mg/g d.w.). 聚碳酸盐 (PC) 在两个样本中存在 (平均0.04 mg/g d.w.).
- 在一个和两个样本中分别检测到聚乳酸 (PLA) 和聚酸酸盐 (PHA),其度低 (0.030.09μg/g d.w.). 由于干扰/检测极限,聚乙烯 (PE),聚乙烯 (PVC),聚烯酸 (PCL) 和聚乙烯酸甲 (PBAT) 没有被检测或排除.
- 据估计,澳大利亚的家庭花园通过堆肥/盆栽混合物对塑料的应用范围在0.02~0.6g/m2.
结论:
- 堆肥和盆栽混合物是塑料聚合物污染澳大利亚土壤的途径.
- 聚乙烯酸盐 (PBS) 是各种堆肥和盆栽混合物产品中常见的污染物.
- 这些发现强调需要更好地了解和管理土壤修改中的塑料残留物,以减轻环境风险.
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