在酸性矿井排水中,不同形式的硫和环境因素之间的反应和生态影响
Man Gao1, Jie Tang1, Yujiao Tu1
1State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation & Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, PR China.
Environmental research
|March 21, 2025
概括
酸性矿井排水 (AMD) 涉及复杂的硫循环. 硫酸盐 (SO42-) 和硫化物 (S2-) 在干旱季节占主导地位,而其他硫形式在雨季达到峰值,受到微生物群落和环境因素的影响.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 酸性矿井排水 (AMD) 是一种严重的环境问题,由铁二硫化物 (FeS) 的氧化引起.
- 在AMD生产中,除了硫酸盐 (SO2-) 之外,还产生了各种中间硫种.
研究的目的:
- 描述AMD中不同形式的硫的时空分布.
- 研究硫形式与环境因素,包括微生物群落之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 跨不同季节和AMD迁移距离的现场采样.
- 对各种硫种进行化学分析 (SO42-,S2-,SO3-,S2-,S2-,S4-).
- 微生物群落的概况和环境参数 (pH,ORP,温度,DO) 的分析.
主要成果:
- 硫酸盐 (SO42-) 和硫化物 (S2-) 度在干旱季节较高,而转移稳定的硫形式 (SO32-,S2O32-,S4O62-) 在雨季达到峰值.
- 硫酸盐 (SO42-) 度随着AMD迁移的距离而降低,并显示与降水和地下水流量相关的季节性变化.
- 微生物多样性随着AMD的产生而减少;像Ferrovum这样的特定细菌主导了酸性条件,而Acidithiobacillus和Ralstonia则影响了硫的产生.
结论:
- 季节,降水,地下水流,pH,ORP,温度和DO等环境因素显著影响AMD中硫形式的分布和转化.
- 微生物群落在AMD生物地化学中起着至关重要的作用,特定的属与不同的污染水平和硫转化有关.
- 了解硫转化途径对于制定有效的AMD污染预防和整治策略至关重要.
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