战略控制微调工作内存性能,而无需选择历史记录的好处
1Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, 316 Physics Road, Room 285C, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA. ravizzas@msu.edu.
Psychonomic bulletin & review
|March 22, 2025
概括
人们通过使用概率来战略控制工作记忆,而不是自动选择历史. 这项研究表明,基于概率信息的战略控制微调了工作记忆的性能.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人类的记忆 人类的记忆
背景情况:
- 工作记忆的性能受召回某个项目的概率的影响.
- 战略控制被认为是利用概率信息来优化工作记忆.
- 自动流程,特别是选择历史记录在分级工作记忆性能中的作用尚未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查分级工作记忆的性能是否是由战略控制或选择历史驱动的.
- 为了区分战略调整与自动选择历史在记忆回忆中的贡献.
主要方法:
- 两个实验操纵了概率信息:被阻止 (实验1) 和逐试验 (实验2).
- 空间线索显示了两种颜色之一的回忆概率 (50%-80%).
- 通过使用外部预兆和内部反射来操纵注意力.
主要成果:
- 暗示效应在受阻条件下与可预测性线性增加,复制了先前的发现.
- 这种线性关系在实验2中仍然存在,即使选择史的影响减少.
- 在这两项实验中,预兆效应在预兆和后预兆条件中都是一致的.
结论:
- 工作记忆的性能变化主要是由于战略控制.
- 基于选择历史的自动流程对基于概率的工作记忆效应做出了最小的贡献.
- 这些发现凸显了人类在工作记忆中所做的复杂的战略调整.
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