分析人工智能程序对来自重症监护指南的药物相关问题的反应
Blake Williams1, Brian L Erstad2
1R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
概括
评估了四个人工智能 (AI) 程序的准确性,以提供危重病患者的药物建议. 虽然人工智能显示出潜力,但当前的大型语言模型 (LLM) 并不能始终提供正确的临床指导.
科学领域:
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 临床实践指南 临床实践指南
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 工具,特别是大型语言模型 (LLM),正在越来越多地被用于临床应用.
- 在重症监护机构中,人工智能产生的建议的准确性需要根据已建立的临床实践指南 (CPG) 进行彻底评估.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较四个公开可用的人工智能计划的与药物相关的建议,与当前针对重症患者的CPG进行比较.
- 评估AI聊天机器人在提供基于证据的临床信息方面的准确性和可靠性.
主要方法:
- 四个LLM (ChatGPT 4.0,微软Copilot,谷歌双子座版本1.5,Meta AI) 进行了测试.
- 每个AI都被提示从六个关键护理医学协会 (SCCM) CPG中提取的与药物相关的问题.
- 答案被分类为正确,部分正确,不正确或其他,对每个答案要求引用.
主要成果:
- 在AI项目中观察到响应类型的显著差异 (P = 0.007).
- 微软Copilot显示了正确建议比例最高,而谷歌Gemini和ChatGPT 4.0提供了最不正确的响应.
- 平均而言,ChatGPT提供了最多的引用,而Copilot提供了最多的"其他"回复.
结论:
- 评估的AI计划并不总是为重症监护CPG提供准确的药物建议.
- 在药剂师可靠地利用这些人工智能工具进行临床决策之前,需要进一步开发和改进.
- 人工智能显示出对药剂师的潜在实用性,但目前的局限性需要在临床应用中谨慎.
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