由于担心自闭症谱系障碍而转介的幼儿的发育概况:DBPNet研究
Nancy Roizen1, Sandra Friedman2, Douglas Vanderbilt3
1Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, 10524 Euclid Ave Suite 3150, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. Nancy.roizen@uhhospitals.org.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|March 22, 2025
概括
与他们的认知能力相比,患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童表现出较低的语言和适应性功能,与没有ASD的儿童不同. 认知和适应/语言技能之间的显著差距可能表明ASD.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿科神经学 儿科神经学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 早期发现自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 对于及时干预至关重要.
- 评估认知,适应和语言功能有助于诊断幼儿发育障碍.
- 了解患有或没有自闭症儿童的发育特征,有助于诊断准确度.
研究的目的:
- 将被诊断为ASD的幼儿的认知,适应和语言功能与没有ASD的幼儿进行比较.
- 识别可能表明ASD的特定发育差异.
- 为全面的干预计划提供信息,超越了分类诊断.
主要方法:
- 一项前性诊断研究,涉及349名6岁以下儿童.
- 参与者在8个诊断中心进行了评估.
- 根据诊断结果,儿童被分为ASD (n=250) 和无ASD (n=99) 组.
主要成果:
- 在患有ASD和没有ASD的儿童之间,没有发现认知功能的显著差异.
- 与没有ASD的儿童相比,患有ASD的儿童表现出明显较低的语言和适应功能.
- 在ASD组中,认知功能明显高于语言和适应功能;在没有ASD组中没有观察到这种差异.
结论:
- 在幼儿的认知能力和适应性/语言技能之间存在显著的差异,这使得人们对自闭症的担忧增加.
- 评估所有发育领域 (认知,适应,语言) 对于准确的诊断和对ASD有效的干预计划至关重要.
- 患有自闭症和没有自闭症的儿童之间的发育特征有很大差异,这凸显了特定领域评估的重要性.
相关概念视频
Three Developmental Domains
Human development is typically examined across three main domains: physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional. These domains represent the significant areas of change and continuity throughout the lifespan, from infancy to late adulthood.
Physical Development
Physical processes, also known as maturation, encompass the biological changes that occur across an individual's life. These changes begin with genetic inheritance and continue through various stages, including growth in height and weight,...
Physical Development
Physical processes, also known as maturation, encompass the biological changes that occur across an individual's life. These changes begin with genetic inheritance and continue through various stages, including growth in height and weight,...
Modeling in Therapy
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Diagnostic Criteria and...


