对酶的温度依赖活性的一个结构视角
Matthew J McLeod1, Sarah A E Barwell2, Todd Holyoak2
1Cornell University, Department of Physics, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; University of Waterloo, Department of Biology, Waterloo ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Structure (London, England : 1993)
|March 22, 2025
概括
酶结构随着温度的变化而变化,影响活性. 原子分辨率数据揭示了这些酶动态如何影响温度依赖的动力学,即使在线性Arrhenius/Eyring行为下.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生化学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
- 酶学 是一种酶学.
背景情况:
- 酶活性取决于温度,但这种调节的结构基础尚未完全理解.
- 与小分子不同,酶随着温度的变化而表现出显著的结构变化,影响它们的催化功能.
- 酶结构动态与温度依赖活性之间的关系需要在原子层面进行研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究温度诱导的介质酶结构变化如何调节其温度依赖的活动.
- 为了将原子分辨率结构数据与各种温度范围内的动力测量相关联.
- 了解温度依赖的酶构成对反应动力学的影响.
主要方法:
- 采用多温度X射线晶体学来捕获从-20°C到40°C的酶结构.
- 模仿基质,中间体和产物状态的抑制剂被用来表示反应坐标中的关键点.
- 进行了动力测量,以评估相同温度范围内的酶活性.
主要成果:
- 温度的升高导致抑制剂,基板和活性位点循环的催化能力较强的构造物种数量增加.
- 这些结构变化甚至在表现出线性Arrhenius/Eyring行为的温度范围内也被观察到.
- 分析表明,当激活能量/值取决于温度时,可以发生线性运动行为.
结论:
- 在原子分辨率下依赖温度的结构数据对于解释酶动力学数据至关重要.
- 酶的结构组合动态地适应温度,影响催化效率.
- 这项研究强调了酶结构,动力学和温度依赖功能之间的复杂相互作用.
相关概念视频
Introduction to Mechanisms of Enzyme Catalysis
7.8K
For many years, scientists thought that enzyme-substrate binding took place in a simple "lock-and-key" fashion. This model stated that the enzyme and substrate fit together perfectly in one instantaneous step. However, current research supports a more refined view scientists call induced fit. The induced-fit model expands upon the lock-and-key model by describing a more dynamic interaction between enzyme and substrate. As the enzyme and substrate come together, their interaction causes...
7.8K
Le Chatelier's Principle: Changing Temperature
28.8K
Consistent with the law of mass action, an equilibrium stressed by a change in concentration will shift to re-establish equilibrium without any change in the value of the equilibrium constant, K. When an equilibrium shifts in response to a temperature change, however, it is re-established with a different relative composition that exhibits a different value for the equilibrium constant.
To understand this phenomenon, consider the elementary reaction:
Â
Since this is an elementary reaction,...
To understand this phenomenon, consider the elementary reaction:
Â
Since this is an elementary reaction,...
28.8K
Enzymes
80.3K
Inside living organisms, enzymes act as catalysts for many biochemical reactions involved in cellular metabolism. The role of enzymes is to reduce the activation energies of biochemical reactions by forming complexes with its substrates. The lowering of activation energies favor an increase in the rates of biochemical reactions.
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
80.3K
Effect of Temperature Change on Reaction Rate
4.0K
The Arrhenius equation,
4.0K
Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate
80.8K
The Collision Theory
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
80.8K
Introduction to Enzymes
16.9K
The use of enzymes by humans dates to 7000 BCE. Humans first used enzymes to ferment sugars and produce alcohol without knowing that this was an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Wilhelm Kuhne coined the term 'enzyme' in 1877 from the Greek words ‘en’ meaning ‘in’ or ‘within’ and ‘zyme’ meaning ‘yeast.’
Most enzymes are proteins that speed up biochemical reactions without being consumed. Enzymes contain one or more active sites that...
Most enzymes are proteins that speed up biochemical reactions without being consumed. Enzymes contain one or more active sites that...
16.9K


