600万瑞士成年人的住宅树冠配置和死亡率:一项纵向研究
Dengkai Chi1, Gabriele Manoli2, Brenda Lin3
1Singapore-ETH Centre, Future Cities Laboratory Global, Singapore.
The Lancet. Planetary health
|March 22, 2025
概括
树冠的配置,而不仅仅是覆盖,影响死亡率. 聚合,连接的绿色空间比分散的提供更大的健康益处,为更健康的城市提供城市规划信息.
科学领域:
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 城市林业城市林业
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 住宅树的暴露与死亡率的降低有关.
- 树冠结构在死亡风险中的作用尚未得到充分研究,特别是纵向研究.
- 这项研究调查了瑞士的树冠结构和死亡率.
研究的目的:
- 检查住房树冠配置和瑞士人口死亡率之间的关联.
- 评估不同树冠配置 (聚合,连接,碎片化,形状复杂性) 对死亡风险的影响.
- 探索环境和人口因素对潜在影响的改变.
主要方法:
- 使用高分辨率树冠数据 (2010-2019) 和瑞士国家队列数据进行纵向研究.
- 时间变化的考克斯回归模型用于估计自然原因和特定原因死亡的危险比率 (HRs).
- 调整社会人口统计和上下文共变量,并探索效果修改.
主要成果:
- 对于聚合和连接的树冠,发现了保护性关联;对于碎片和复杂的形状,发现了有害的关联.
- 减少自然死亡风险,增加树冠覆盖 (HR 0.979) 和聚合 (HR 0.831).
- 碎片化和复杂性的联合有害影响显著增加了死亡风险 (HR 1.366).
结论:
- 聚合,连接和不那么分散的绿色空间提供了更大的健康益处.
- 结果为优化城市森林规划和管理提供了洞察力,以实现更健康的城市.
- 树冠的配置是最大限度地提高城市绿色空间的健康益处的关键因素.
相关概念视频
02:20Longitudinal Research
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
01:26Longitudinal Studies
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
01:22Life Tables
A life table is a statistical tool that summarizes the mortality and survival patterns of a population, providing detailed insights into the likelihood of survival or death across different age intervals within a cohort. By organizing data on survival probabilities and mortality rates, life tables offer a clear snapshot of population dynamics over time. They are extensively used in demography, public health, actuarial science, and ecology to analyze life expectancy, design health interventions,...
01:20Actuarial Approach
The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
01:15Assumptions of Survival Analysis
Survival models analyze the time until one or more events occur, such as death in biological organisms or failure in mechanical systems. These models are widely used across fields like medicine, biology, engineering, and public health to study time-to-event phenomena. To ensure accurate results, survival analysis relies on key assumptions and careful study design.
01:19Survival Tree
Survival trees are a non-parametric method used in survival analysis to model the relationship between a set of covariates and the time until an event of interest occurs, often referred to as the "time-to-event" or "survival time." This method is particularly useful when dealing with censored data, where the event has not occurred for some individuals by the end of the study period, or when the exact time of the event is unknown.
Building a Survival Tree
Constructing a survival tree begins...
Building a Survival Tree
Constructing a survival tree begins...