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纳米农药中功能性基因阵列和非目标土壤微生物captan@ZnO35-45nm和captan@SiO2 20-30nm环境风险评估
Sławomir Sułowicz1, Sławomir Borymski1, Mateusz Dulski2
1University of Silesia, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland.
Chemosphere
|March 23, 2025
概括
对纳米农药的环境风险评估至关重要. 功能性基因阵列显示,虽然纳米载体最初会改变微生物群落,但活性农药物质会对土壤功能产生长期的负面影响,如碳循环和固定.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 纳米技术 纳米技术
背景情况:
- 缺乏广泛认可的标准来评估纳米杀虫剂的环境风险.
- 与传统农药相比,纳米农药的比较安全性仍未确定.
- 非目标土壤微生物作为环境影响评估的关键指标.
研究的目的:
- 用土壤微生物功能基因多样性评估纳米农药对环境的风险.
- 为了比较纳米杀菌剂,它们的活性物质和纳米载体对土壤微生物群落的影响.
- 评估功能基因阵列 (FGA) 对于检测长期纳米农药影响的实用性.
主要方法:
- 合成纳米真菌杀菌剂与结到ZnO和SiO2纳米载体.
- 一项为期100天的微观研究,使用GeoChip 5.0S (151,000个基因) 分析土壤微生物社区的功能基因配置文件.
- 基于功能性基因多样性资料的环境风险评估,比较纳米杀虫剂,单独杀虫剂和纳米载体.
主要成果:
- 纳米农业化学品显著改变了微生物功能基因的α和β多样性.
- 卡普坦显示出最严重的负面影响,特别是在碳循环和有机补救方面.
- 影响依赖于时间和纳米载体,最初增加了脱和同化基因,随后对酸盐减少酶和固基因产生长期负面影响.
- 排毒基因受到影响,可能会增加有毒的可用性.
- 功能基因阵列检测出了其他方法错过的长期变化,突出显示了微生物冗余的重要性.
结论:
- 功能基因阵列 (FGA) 为评估纳米农药环境风险提供了一种敏感的方法,揭示了对土壤微生物功能的长期影响.
- 纳米杀虫剂,主要是由于它们的活性物质,对土壤生态系统构成重大风险,影响关键的生物地球化学循环.
- 该研究证实了GeoChips用于评估微生物冗余性的实用性,这对于精确的纳米农药环境风险评估至关重要.
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