长期参与可修改的生活方式行为以及痴呆风险的种族种族差异
Roger Wong1,2, Tatiana Mikhailova3, Darrell Hudson4
1Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Norton College of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
Journal of aging and health
|March 24, 2025
概括
在老年人中,吸烟会使痴呆的风险增加45%. 虽然黑人和西班牙裔人较少从事体育活动和社交接触,但亚裔人与更多的社交接触显示出更低的痴呆风险,突出了生活方式行为和痴呆风险的种族种族差异.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 生活方式的行为显著影响着老年人群的认知健康和痴呆风险.
- 在美国,生活方式参与和痴呆症发病率的种族种族差异仍然存在.
- 了解这些差异对于制定有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查老年人与关键生活方式行为的纵向参与的种族-民族差异.
- 检查种族-种族对生活方式行为和痴呆风险之间的关联的温和效应.
- 确定特定的生活方式因素,导致种族种族群体之间的痴呆症差异.
主要方法:
- 分析国家健康和衰老趋势研究 (2011-2021) 数据集,这是65岁及以上美国成年人的全国代表性样本.
- 包括来自白人,黑人,西班牙裔和亚洲种族族群的6155名参与者.
- 利用考克斯回归模型评估生活方式行为 (体育活动,吸烟,社交联系) 和种族-种族之间的相互作用,预测痴呆风险.
主要成果:
- 吸烟成为一个显著的风险因素,使痴呆风险增加了大约45% (aHR = 1.45).
- 平均而言,黑人和西班牙裔参与者报告身体活动和社交接触频率较低,吸烟率较高.
- 一个显著的相互作用表明,增加的社交联系与亚洲受访者 (aHR = 0.16) 的痴呆风险大幅降低有关.
结论:
- 生活方式行为中的种族种族差异是理解和解决痴呆症差异的重要组成部分.
- 社会接触与降低痴呆风险之间的保护性关联值得进一步研究,特别是在亚洲老年人群中.
- 未来的研究应该探索文化特定的生活方式干预措施,以减轻不同种族和民族群体的痴呆风险.
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