结肠直肠癌:危险因素,分子查和治疗的新方法
Khatereh Anbari1, Koroush Ghanadi2
1Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Science, Khorramabad, Iran.
International journal of molecular and cellular medicine
|March 24, 2025
概括
随着病例的增加,结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 的预防和治疗至关重要. 新的疗法针对EGFR,HER2和免疫检查点,而新型诊断对早期检测和改善生存率充满希望.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 癌症治疗方法 癌症治疗方法
- 诊断医学 诊断医学 诊断医学
背景情况:
- 预计到2040年,结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 负担将大幅增加,需要改进预防和治疗策略.
- 包括饮食 (低牛奶摄入量,),吸烟和酒精消费在内的流行病学因素与2019年CRC残疾调整寿命年 (DALYs) 有关.
- 一项全面的文献搜索确定了关于CRC治疗和诊断进展的170篇相关文章.
研究的目的:
- 提供对结直肠癌最新治疗和诊断方法的简要概述.
- 突出新型治疗方式和CRC的诊断标志物.
主要方法:
- 在2023年12月使用PubMed和Scopus数据库进行的系统文献审查.
- 关键词包括:药物,治疗剂,结直肠癌,诊断方法,流行病学和新的治疗方法.
- 最初的搜索结果是325篇文章;除重复后包括了170篇独特的文章.
主要成果:
- 向治疗包括EGFR抑制剂 (尼莫图祖马布,塞图齐马布,帕尼图穆马布),HER2抑制剂 (特拉斯图祖马布,珀图祖马布) 和免疫检查点抑制剂 (伊皮利穆马布向PD-1/PD-L1和CTLA-4通路).
- 采用细胞疗法,如CAR-T细胞疗法,TCR修饰和瘤透淋巴细胞 (TILs),可以增强抗癌免疫反应.
- 像HIF1A-AS1,CRNDE-h,NEAT1,ZFAS1,GAS5和IGFBP-2这样的新型诊断标记显示出显著的CRC诊断能力,高的HIF1A-AS1表达与较差的生存相关.
结论:
- 新兴的治疗策略,包括向疗法和采用细胞移植,为打击结直肠癌提供了新的途径.
- 先进的诊断标志物有可能更早地检测和预测CRC.
- 对新型治疗和诊断的持续研究对于应对日益增长的结直肠癌全球负担至关重要.
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