应对野生动物贸易中的疾病风险的指导方针
William B Karesh1,2, Tiggy Grillo1,3, Catherine Machalaba1
1IUCN SSC Wildlife Health Specialist Group, New York, NY, United States of America.
One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|March 24, 2025
概括
新的世界动物卫生组织 (WOAH) 准则为评估和管理野生动物贸易中的疾病风险提供了一个框架. 这些指导方针促进了整体的"一健康"方法,以改善决策.
科学领域:
- 兽医公共卫生 兽医公共卫生
- 野生动物疾病生态学 野生动物疾病生态学
- 国际贸易政策 国际贸易政策
背景情况:
- 野生动物贸易包括商业和生存目的,具有重要的经济,文化和宗教价值.
- 然而,它提出了复杂的权衡,影响人类和动物的健康,福利,保护和生态系统.
- 一种整体的方法对于理解和平衡这些多方面的维度至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 制定和发布全面的指导方针,以应对与野生动物贸易相关的疾病风险.
- 为野生动物贸易中的风险评估和管理策略提供一个高级别的框架.
- 通过多部门和"一个健康"的透视来支持决策过程.
主要方法:
- 召集一个多部门特设小组,从WOAH合作中心获得专业知识.
- 实施指导方针草案的同行评审过程.
- 通过泰国曼谷的一系列研讨会,试点指南进行了改进和最终确定.
主要成果:
- 2024年5月出版"应对野生动物贸易中的疾病风险指南".
- 这些指导方针提供了一个结构化的框架,涵盖利益相关者参与,风险分析,监测和评估.
- 该框架的设计是非规范性的,允许具体上下文的方法.
结论:
- 这些指导方针为推进特定背景的策略提供了基础,以管理野生动物贸易的疾病风险.
- 他们强调了一种健康方法,多部门合作和加强风险分析能力的重要性.
- 预计的使用包括支持研讨会和加强风险管理策略的实施.
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