珀莱干在通过遗传和表观遗传修饰的介质细胞组织再生中的独特作用
Bin Wang1,2, Zhihua Lu1,3, Gongming Gao1,4
1Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
概括
珀莱肯 (HSPG2) 基因修饰影响中细胞干细胞分化. 调节perlecan水平影响chondrogenesis和adipogenesis,提供了软骨再生生物材料的潜力.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 再生医学是一种再生医学.
背景情况:
- 珀莱肯 (HSPG2) 是一种基本膜蛋白,对组织发育至关重要.
- 它通过遗传和表观遗传机制在介质干细胞分化中的作用需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究珀莱肯 (HSPG2) 对介酶干细胞/原生细胞分化的影响.
- 探索perlecan修饰的细胞外基质在软骨再生中的潜力.
主要方法:
- 使用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑,在人类胎儿核中产生HSPG2淘汰赛 (KO) 和过度表达 (OE) 的人类胎儿核脉干细胞/原生细胞 (NPSCs) 和成年脂肪下脂肪衍生的干细胞 (IPFSCs).
- 评估了修改后的珀莱干表达对细胞增殖和分化的影响.
- 评估了来自修改后NPSC的脱细胞化细胞外基质 (dECM) 对成年NPSC的影响.
主要成果:
- 在这两种细胞类型中,HSPG2-KO增强了冠状体的分化.
- 在这两种细胞类型中,HSPG2-OE抑制了基分化.
- 来自HSPG2-OE胎儿NPSCs的dECM显著促进了成年NPSCs中的chondrogenic分化.
结论:
- 珀莱肯 (HSPG2) 在调节间酶干细胞分化途径方面发挥着重要作用.
- 珀莱干调制为开发用于软骨再生的先进生物材料提供了一个有前途的战略.
相关概念视频
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
4.6K
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
4.6K
Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM
2.3K
Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of proteins and glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. MMPs are essential for the migration and proliferation of cells through the dense matrix network, throughout embryonic development, and throughout morphogenesis. The first MMP activity discovered was a collagenase in a tadpole's tail undergoing metamorphosis. The active collagen deposition and modifications lead to the morphogenesis of tadpoles into the adult...
2.3K
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming
2.2K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.2K
Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells
2.7K
Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
2.7K
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
1.8K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
1.8K


