美国新生儿重症监护能力和死亡率的区域增长,1991-2020年
Gwenyth M Gasper1, Patrick M Stuchlik1, Therese A Stukel2,3
1The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.
JAMA pediatrics
|March 24, 2025
概括
美国新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 容量增加与降低新生儿死亡率无关. 需要进一步的研究来了解NICU扩张的成本和好处.
科学领域:
- 新生儿医学 新生儿医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 美国新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 的容量已大幅扩大,这是由于重症监护室对重症新生儿的有效性.
- 这种扩张发生在没有与围产期风险的区域差异明显相关的情况下.
- 区域NICU容量增长与新生儿死亡率之间的关系尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 估计美国246个不同地区新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 区域容量变化与新生儿死亡率之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项重复的横截面研究分析了1991年至2020年间出生于美国的30902221名婴儿的数据.
- 使用Poisson的概括估计方程来建模区域性NICU容量 (新生儿医生和每1000名活产婴儿的床位) 与新生儿 (<28天) 和180天死亡率之间的关联.
- 模型根据母亲和新生儿的特征进行了调整,新生儿作为分析单位.
主要成果:
- 在1991年至2020年期间,区域性NICU容量 (新生儿医生和每1000名活产儿的床位) 大幅增加,而新生儿和180天死亡率均大幅下降.
- 在区域NICU容量 (新生儿医生或病床) 和区域新生儿死亡率变化之间没有发现有意义的相关性.
- 根据婴儿需求分层的多层模型和分析没有显示NICU容量和死亡结果之间的显著关联.
结论:
- 美国区域新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 容量的扩大与新生儿死亡率的可测量降低无关.
- 需要进一步的研究来调查NICU护理扩张的复杂成本效益动态.
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