狭窄的搜索效应以及扩大搜索如何促进信念更新
1Marketing, Freeman School of Business, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118.
概括
搜索算法和用户的信念创建狭窄的搜索结果,限制信念更新. 更广泛的搜索结果和算法修改可以鼓励更明智的信念.
科学领域:
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 信息科学 信息科学 信息科学
- 人与计算机的交互
背景情况:
- 现代信息搜索平台,包括人工智能辅助引擎,已经彻底改变了信息获取.
- 然而,这些平台可能会无意中阻碍用户之间发展共享的事实理解.
- 以前的用户信念可以影响搜索查询的制定,可能导致偏见的信息检索.
研究的目的:
- 研究"狭窄搜索效应",即先前的信念和算法限制限制了信息搜索中的信念更新.
- 测试旨在减轻狭窄搜索效应并促进更强大的信念更新的干预措施.
- 检查搜索平台设计对用户更新其信念的能力的影响.
主要方法:
- 在各种主题 (健康,金融,社会,政治) 和平台 (谷歌,ChatGPT,AI驱动的Bing,自定义接口) 上进行了21项研究 (14项预先注册).
- 检查了用户以前的信念如何影响搜索术语和随后的搜索结果.
- 测试了基于用户和基于算法的干预措施,以应对狭窄搜索效应.
主要成果:
- 用户之前的信念始终影响了搜索术语,产生了狭窄的结果,限制了跨不同域和平台的信念更新.
- 基于用户的干预措施在纠正狭窄搜索效应方面表现出有限的有效性.
- 修改算法以在自定义界面中扩大搜索结果,成功鼓励了信念更新.
结论:
- "狭窄搜索效应"对数字时代的信念更新构成了重大挑战.
- 仅仅依靠用户的自我纠正不足以克服这种影响.
- 搜索算法的行为知情设计对于促进更知情的公共话语和共享的事实基础至关重要.
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