澳大利亚监狱针和注射器计划的成本和益处,2025-30年:一项建模研究
Farah Houdroge1, Samantha Colledge-Frisby1,2, Nadine Kronfli3,4
1The Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC.
The Medical journal of Australia
|March 25, 2025
概括
在澳大利亚实施监狱针和注射器计划是具有成本效益的. 该计划预计将避免成千上万的C型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 感染,并节省数百万医疗保健费用.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 和其他注射相关感染在澳大利亚监狱中构成重大健康风险.
- 缺少针和注射器程序 (NSP) 有助于这些感染在惩戒设施的持续传播.
研究的目的:
- 估计和比较澳大利亚全国监狱针和注射器计划的成本和收益.
- 评估监狱NSP对预计新的HCV感染和因注射相关的细菌和真菌感染而入院的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项随机隔间建模研究,模拟了2010年至2030年所有澳大利亚监狱的条件.
- 该模型将在2025年至2027年期间引入监狱NSP,旨在到2030年覆盖注射毒品的人的50%.
- 关键结果包括预计的新的HCV感染,住院,计划成本和避免的治疗成本,通过益处成本比率进行分析.
主要成果:
- 监狱NSP预计将在2025年至2030年期间避免894例新的HCV感染 (30%的减少) 和522例住院治疗 (17%的减少).
- 在监狱内注射毒品的人群中,新增HCV感染的发生率估计将从每100人/年减少3.1至1.3.
- 该计划的估计成本为1220万美元,由3170万美元的治疗成本节省抵消,使得效益成本比为2.6.
结论:
- 在澳大利亚监狱引入针计划显示出强大的经济效益,效益成本比为2.6.
- 投资监狱NSP的每一美元预计将为肝炎C病毒和其他注射相关感染治疗节省2.60美元.
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