影响息护理可获得性的因素:系统审查和元分析
Zhiyi Shi1, Mai Du1, Shuqin Zhu2
1School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
BMC palliative care
|March 25, 2025
概括
息护理的获取方式不一致. 女性性别,更高的收入和更大的医院改善了接入,而农村地区和非洲血统则构成了障碍. 需要进一步的研究来解决这些差异.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 抚慰性护理医学 抚慰性护理医学
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 息治疗对于改善危及生命的疾病患者的生活质量至关重要.
- 在不同的人口和地理区域之间,对息护理服务的可用性是不一致的.
- 了解影响息治疗可及性的因素对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和量化影响息护理可获得性的因素.
- 识别缓解护理的促进者和障碍者.
- 为改善公平获得息治疗的策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 从2014年1月到2024年7月,在多个数据库 (PubMed,科学网,CINAHL,Embase,Cochrane图书馆,CNKI,万芳,VIP) 中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 包括基于Penchansky和Thomas的框架的观察性研究,检查息护理的可访问性维度 (可用性,可访问性,住宿,负担能力,可接受性).
- 通过Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) 工具评估了研究质量,并使用Review Manager 5.3.3进行了元分析.
主要成果:
- 分析了20项观察性研究,重点关注可接受性 (16项研究).
- 分析显示,女性性别 (OR=1.18),更高的收入 (OR=1.11) 和更大的医院病床容量 (OR=1.22) 促进了息护理的获得.
- 进入障碍包括居住在农村地区 (OR=0.80) 和非洲血统 (OR=0.78).
结论:
- 社会人口统计学特征,医疗保健服务和与疾病相关的因素显著影响了息护理的可获得性.
- 在研究中存在可用性,可负担性,可访问性和住宿维度方面的差距.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明机制和因果关系,指导对服务不足的人群的干预.
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