在驾驶的背景下,侧面前额皮层活动和瞳孔直径之间的负载依赖关系
Yoritaka Akimoto1, Taiki Yamaguchi1
1Information & Management Systems Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan.
Perceptual and motor skills
|March 25, 2025
概括
驾驶过程中的认知负载会影响事故风险. 这项研究发现,瞳孔直径和前额叶皮层活动与任务难度相关,这表明驾驶过程中的负载依赖关系.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
背景情况:
- 在驾驶过程中不适当的兴奋和认知负载显著增加了事故的风险.
- 以前的研究表明,侧面前额活动和瞳孔直径是认知负载的可靠指标.
- 前额活动和瞳孔直径之间的关系是负载依赖的,仅在低认知负载条件下显示相关性.
研究的目的:
- 调查驾驶过程中侧面前额皮层活动和瞳孔直径之间的负载依赖关系.
- 检查由次要对话任务影响的认知负载如何影响这种关系.
- 区分任务负载与任务性质对神经和生理反应的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用近红外光谱 (NIRS) 来测量侧面前额皮层活动 (Oxy-Hb度).
- 使用眼睛追踪来监测瞳孔直径.
- 参与者参与了山口上的驾驶模拟,有或没有同时进行对话任务.
主要成果:
- 与正常驾驶相比,在对话式驾驶期间,瞳孔直径和背侧前额皮层 (dlPFC) 活动 (Oxy-Hb) 显著增加.
- 在高负载的对话驾驶过程中,观察到瞳孔直径和左侧dlPFC活动之间的显著正相关性.
- 在低负载正常驾驶时,这种相关性不存在,这表明任务依赖关系.
结论:
- 结果证实了在驾驶环境中dlPFC活动和瞳孔直径之间的负载依赖关系.
- 这种关系不仅受认知负载的程度的影响,而且受任务的性质的影响.
- 执行职能和兴奋的不同参与可能解释了观察到的特定任务相关性.
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