使用动态食品景观模型来评估草食动物种群表现的自下而上的限制
Sierra L Robatcek1,2, Lisa A Shipley3, Craig White2
1Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA.
概括
鹿的怀孕率更多地取决于它们如何使用各种食物资源,而不是取决于食物的可用量. 了解资源使用是管理鹿种群的关键.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 野生动物生态生态学
- 人口生态学 人口生态学
背景情况:
- 资源异质性对生态过程产生重大影响,但其对人口表现的确切影响尚不清楚.
- 在异构的景观中,个人在食和移动策略上的差异是常见的,这对生态理解构成了挑战.
- 营养直接影响生长和繁殖的能量,理论上调节资源异质性的后果.
研究的目的:
- 开发动态模型,预测 (Cervus canadensis) 种群的时空空间食物景观变化.
- 根据食物的使用和可用性来预测鹿怀孕率的变化.
- 调查资源异质性如何影响鹿种群的表现.
主要方法:
- 开发了链接的动态模型来预测食物景观变化和鹿怀孕率.
- 在爱达荷州七个鹿种群中,模拟了适合料生物质的时空变化.
- 分析了怀孕率与料供应和食品景观使用的指标之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 食品景观模型准确地预测了适合的料生物量 (经R2调整:0.340.51).
- 鹿种群表现出多样化的食物景观使用,包括选择,冷漠或避免高质量的料.
- 怀孕率 (66%100%) 更好地通过食品景观使用的异质性 (R2: 57%) 而不是平均/最大料生物量来解释.
结论:
- 鹿种群的表现是由料的可用性和食品景观使用的限制所调节的.
- 食物景观使用和可用性的异质性,而不是绝对生物质,更强烈地影响鹿怀孕率.
- 动态建模方法可用于评估限制草食动物种群的自下而上的因素,并且可以帮助野生动物管理.
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