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发展中国家青少年肥胖症的管理:系统性审查
Michael Akenteng Wiafe1, Jessica Ayensu2, Georgina Benewaa Yeboah3
1Department of Dietetics, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana.
Nutrition and health
|March 25, 2025
概括
发展中国家青少年肥胖的干预措施,主要是营养和体育教育,显示出有效性. 需要更多的研究,但目前的方法,通常是以学校为基础的,在管理体重和体重指数方面表现出积极的结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 肥胖问题研究研究
背景情况:
- 青少年肥胖是一个重大的公共卫生挑战,需要全面的管理和预防策略.
- 发展中国家在解决青少年肥胖问题时面临着独特的挑战,原因是资源有限和不同的医疗保健基础设施.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估为管理发展中国家青少年肥胖实施的干预措施的有效性.
- 确定常见的干预类型,研究设计和该领域研究的地理分布.
主要方法:
- 从2000年1月到2022年12月,在六个主要数据库和三个临床试验注册表中进行了全面的电子文献搜索.
- 使用有效公共卫生实践项目标准评估研究质量,18项研究符合纳入标准.
- 干预主要集中在营养教育 (NE) 和体育教育 (PE),其中一些包括手术或心理治疗.
主要成果:
- 包括的18项研究是在非洲,亚洲和南美洲进行的,主要是在学校环境中进行的.
- 结合NE和PE的干预措施显示,体重指数对年龄z-score (zBMI) 和腰围的显著改善.
- 结合手术干预的研究报告了体重,zBMI和腰比的显著变化.
结论:
- 在发展中国家,关于青少年肥胖管理的干预研究有限但在很大程度上是有效的.
- 营养教育和体育教育是最成功的干预措施的基石.
- 未来的研究应该专注于扩大干预研究,特别是在学校环境中,以解决这个日益严重的健康问题.
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