纳米比亚废弃矿山尾矿中的污染物生物可访问性沿着气候梯度的变化
Vojtěch Ettler1, Tereza Křížová1, Martin Mihaljevič1
1Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic. ettler@natur.cuni.cz.
Environmental science. Processes & impacts
|March 25, 2025
概括
来自矿山尾矿的细尘构成环境风险,由于可溶性碳酸盐相,在较潮湿的气候下,金属化物具有更高的生物可访问性. 战斗场所显示出更高的人类健康风险,需要补救.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 来自硫化矿矿矿尾矿的细粒度尘埃是环境污染的重要来源.
- 废弃矿山的尾矿可以将金属化物释放到环境中,对人类健康和生态系统构成风险.
- 尾矿的气候条件和矿物质成分影响金属化物行为和生物可用性.
研究的目的:
- 来自纳米比亚三个矿场的细矿尾矿的矿物学和地化学特性.
- 在不同的气候条件下,评估废弃物中的金属化物在胃部的生物可访问性.
- 评估与矿山尾矿金属化物暴露相关的人类健康风险.
主要方法:
- 精细尾矿 (<48微米和<10微米) 的多方法矿物学和地化学分析.
- 使用模拟胃液评估金属合物结合和胃生物可访问性.
- 基于污染物度,生物可访问性和颗粒特征对人类健康风险的评估.
主要成果:
- 总金属度 (As,Cu,Pb,Zn) 随着废料中的颗粒大小的减少而增加.
- 在降雨量较高的地区 (73-82%) 的尾矿中,与干旱地区 (22%) 相比,平均可生物利用的金属 () 分数显著更高.
- 矿物学是关键因素:不溶性硫化物/Fe-oxyhydroxides在干旱地区与可溶性碳酸盐在潮湿地区.
结论:
- 气候条件,特别是降雨,显著影响矿山尾矿中的金属化物生物可访问性.
- 来自Kombat的尾巴 (降雨量较高) 由于增加的金属化物生物可访问性和风能侵蚀的颗粒而对人类健康构成更高的风险.
- 强烈建议对Kombat尾矿储存设施进行修复,以减轻已确定的人类健康风险.
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