高调医学期刊中的形式主义数据和代码可用性政策以及发表的文章中普遍存在的政策和实践差距:一项元研究研究
Wei Li1, Xuerong Liu1, Qianyu Zhang1
1School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Accountability in research
|March 25, 2025
概括
大多数期刊缺乏严格的数据和代码 (DAC) 共享政策,导致发表的研究中存在重大政策和实践差距. 这阻碍了开放科学和科学完整性,需要改进出版生态系统.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 科学出版科学出版
- 开放科学是一个开放的科学.
背景情况:
- 糟糕的数据和代码 (DAC) 共享实践破坏了开放科学的原则.
- 这项研究调查了领先医学期刊中DAC可用性政策的严格性.
- 它还在发表的文章中确定了这些政策实施中的政策与实践差距 (PPG).
研究的目的:
- 评估DAC可用性政策在高影响力的医学期刊中的全面性.
- 量化发表的医学研究中政策与实践差距 (PPG) 的程度.
- 确定影响DAC共享期刊政策严格性的因素.
主要方法:
- 来自931个医学期刊的DAC可用性政策的分析 (Clarivate JCR 2021).
- 来自四个知名期刊的3191篇文章中PPG的量化:BMJ,JAMA,NEJM和The Lancet.
- 期刊影响因素与政策严格性之间的相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 只有9.1%的期刊要求DAC共享陈述,许多期刊缺乏验证机制或允许尽管不符合规定,但仍能发布.
- 政策的严格性在各个子专业之间有所不同,并且与可用性陈述的期刊影响因子有正相关,但没有共享政策.
- 超过90%的分析文章展示了PPG,其中很大一部分缺乏陈述,拒绝无理由共享或无法获得共享数据.
结论:
- 形式主义的政策和广泛的PPG损害了DAC科学出版物的透明度.
- 迫切需要一个出版生态系统,支持作者坚持科学责任和诚信.
- 加强DAC共享和验证对于推进开放科学和可重复性至关重要.
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