为克利福德电路提供低成本的降噪
Nicolas Delfosse1, Edwin Tham1
1IonQ Inc., 4505 Campus Drive, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA.
Physical review letters
|March 25, 2025
概括
我们介绍了克利福德降噪 (CliNR),这是一种减少量子电路逻辑错误率的方法. CliNR提供的开销低于错误校正,避免复杂的采样,使量子计算更加实用.
科学领域:
- 量子计算是一种量子计算.
- 量子信息科学是一种量子信息科学.
- 错误的缓解和纠正错误的减轻和纠正.
背景情况:
- 量子计算容易受到噪音的影响,导致错误.
- 现有的方法,如量子错误校正 (QEC) 和错误减轻,具有显著的开销.
- 克利福德电路是量子算法的基本组成部分.
研究的目的:
- 提出一个新的方案,克利福德降噪 (CliNR),以减少克利福德电路中的逻辑错误率.
- 与传统的量子错误校正相比,为了实现更低的开销.
- 为了避免与错误缓解技术相关的指数抽样开销.
主要方法:
- 通过将它们分解成子电路,CliNR实现了Clifford电路.
- 网关传输被用来执行这些子电路.
- 随机稳定器测量用于检测用于网关传输的资源状态中的错误.
- 这种方法是连贯的平价检查方案的远程版本,具有离线故障检测.
主要成果:
- 对于特定的n-量子比特克利福德电路家族,CliNR实现了消失的逻辑错误率,在 ns*p^2 接近 0 (ns=o(1/p^2) 的情况下.
- 这种性能超过了直接实施的局限性 (s=o(1/p)).
- 该方案需要最小的资源:3n+1量子比特,2s+o(s) 门,并且具有零拒绝率.
- 数字模拟证实了相关噪声系统的错误率降低.
结论:
- CliNR提出了一种切实有效的方法来减少量子计算中的逻辑错误.
- 它的低开销使其成为近期量子设备的量子错误校正的可行替代方案.
- 该方案证明了在克利福德电路内减轻噪音的可扩展性和有效性.
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